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Chhattisgarh–An Overview

Chhattisgarh–An Overview. Agro Climatic Zones. Falls under Eastern Plateau and Hills Zone sub- divided into three agro climatic zones. Geog. area : 137.90 lakh ha. (4.15 % of the country) Net sown area : 47.75 lakh ha. (35 % of its geog. area) 57 % soil is medium to light.

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Chhattisgarh–An Overview

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  1. Chhattisgarh–An Overview Agro Climatic Zones • Falls under Eastern Plateau and Hills Zone sub- divided into three agro climatic zones. • Geog. area : 137.90 lakh ha. (4.15 % of the country) • Net sown area : 47.75 lakh ha. (35 % of its geog. area) • 57 % soil is medium to light. • Forest cover : 63.36 lakh ha. (46 % of its geog. area) • Average rainfall : 1373 mm. • Net Irrigated Area : 13.55 lakh ha (29%) • Farm families : 32.55 lakh (33% ST, 12 % SC) • 54% Marginal Farmers own : 15% land • 22% Small Farmers own : 19% land • 24% Others own : 66% land • Cropping intensity : 135 % Northern Hills Zone Chhattisgarh Plains Zone Bastar Plateau Zone

  2. Agriculture Scenario - State vis-à-vis National

  3. MAJOR CONSTRAINTS • Domination of small / marginal farmers (76 %) and fragmented land holding. • Large extent of rainfed area (71 %). • Only 29 % area under irrigation, mainly through canal which provides protective irrigation. • Out of 27 districts 18 districts are Naxal affected (67 %) • Domination of Tribal (33 %) and Scheduled Caste (12 %) population with low literacy. • Low level of farm mechanization and fertilizer use. • Inadequate credit input supply system. • Inadequate infrastructure.

  4. Soil Health Status (Major Nutrient Deficiency and extent) • Soils of all 5 districts in Northern Hill zone are Medium in N and P, but High in K. • Soils in the Chhattisgarh Plains zone have varied levels of the major nutrients : • Nitrogen level in 10 districts of Raipur division is low, but 5 districts of Bilaspur division is Medium. • Regarding P level 9 districts (Raipur division – 4 and Bilaspur division -5) have medium and rest 6 districts of Raipur division is low. • K - content in 6 districts are of medium level and in remaining 9 districts are of High level. • Bastar Plateau zone comprises of 7 districts which constitute 13.42% arable area of the state. • Around 56% soils are light textured with low water holding capacity. • Bastar Plateau soils as whole (all 7 districts) have medium level of all three major nutrients (NPK).

  5. GIS Based Soil Fertility Maps (INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SOIL SCIENCE)

  6. Agro Climatic Zone-wise Area

  7. Agro Climatic Zone-wise Cropping Pattern

  8. Production and Productivity in Rainfed & Irrigated Area (RICE)

  9. Production and Productivity of Major Kharif crops in Rainfed Area (Year 2010-11)

  10. District-wise Irrigation Source and Coverage

  11. Status of Ground Water Development and Critical Areas • Only 14 blocks of 6 districts in the zone of Chhattisgarh Plains are semi critical i.e. stage of G.W. Development between 70 % and 100 % • Stage of Ground Water Development in remaining 132 blocks of all 27 districts is Safe i.e. < 70 %

  12. Graphical Analysis of Potential Evapo-transpiration (PET) with Monthly Rainfall Unit- MM • Maximum portion of rainfall is received between 15th June to 30th Sep. (Monthly rainfall being 200 to 350 mm) and PET during this period falls down ranging from 160 to 100 mm per month.. • PET starts shearly rising in the month Feb. from 100 mm to max. 210 mm in May. So crops grown during this period will require heavy amount of irrigation at shortest intervals.

  13. Management efforts made • Agronomic Management : • Replacement of long duration Rice verities with early and medium duration to avoid the impact of drought as well as increasing the possibility of second crop. • Diversification of upland Rice with suitable Pulses, Maize and Millets which requires less water. • Promotion of green manuring and organic manuring to improve soil health and water holding capacity. • Thrust on line sowing of Rice to maintain adequate plant population. It also helps in early maturity and controlling weeds. • Promotion of water stress tolerant Rice variety Indira Barani Dhan-I newly evolved by SAU. Contd. . .

  14. Contd. . . Management efforts made • State Initiatives for area expansion under irrigation and water harvesting : • Highest priority in plan allocation - Irrigated area has increased by 3.44 lakh ha. since state's formation. Irrigation potential increased from 22% to 29% • Thrust on run-off water management - massive programme for construction of water harvesting structures (Micro-minor Irrigation Tanks, Anicut, Checkdams) through different State/GoI Schemes. • Integrated watershed management programme taken up in 15,137 identified micro watershed areas. • Utilization of ground water potential - 50-75% assistance to SC/ST farmers for tube-wells/pump sets. More than 2 lakh irrigation pumps energized. • Promotion of precision farming (sprinkler & drip systems) - 30 to 40% state subsidy on micro irrigation systems - 80,000 ha. area covered during plan period.

  15. Major State Initiatives • Stamp duty free on exchange of land among farmers for the purpose of consolidation. • Loan @ 3% per annum - crop loan as well as loan for dairy and fisheries. • VAT exempted on Agriculture Implements. • Assistance upto Rs. 50,000 per connection for energization of irrigation pumps. • Assistance upto Rs. 5,000 per well / tubewell for water recharge. • Free electricity upto 6000 units per annum per irrigation pump upto 5 H.P.

  16. Indigenous and useful crop/plant varieties & practices being adopted • Minor Millets crops like Ragi, Kodo & Kutki, etc of medicinal & nutritional importance are being cultivated with organic farming practices in tribal districts of Bastar Pleatue and Northern Hill Zone. • Under ATMA, 45 FIGs have been identified and mobilized with technical and financial assistance for promotion of traditionally grown Minor Millets. • For capacity building, intensive training programmes have been organized benefiting 950 farmers and provided revolving fund of Rs. 10,000/- to each group for value addition. • Large scale demonstrations covering 19955 ha. area have been laid out during 2011-12. • 106 exposure visits have also been organized. • Provided stall to FIGs to sale their organic products in various international / national Agri Expose organized in New Delhi, Mumbai and Nagpur etc.

  17. Policy and Institutional Reforms required • States having less than national average irrigation potential should be given priority in sanction of centrally sponsored medium and minor irrigations schemes. • MGNREGA action plan should aim at constructing farm ponds/dug wells in the fields of every small and marginal farmers. • Central Government should consider subsidizing production of organic manure. • The cost of energisation of irrigation pumps in the remote tribal areas is more than double as compared to normal areas. It is suggested that this may be treated as an agriculture related infrastructure and should be made eligible for funding under RKVY, particularly for the tribal sub-plan areas. • The farm power availability in Chhattisgarh is 0.71 kw/ha which is about 1/3rd to the National average (as was 0.43 kw/ha against 1.23 kw/ha National average in the year 2000-01). So, to promote possessibility of adequate farm power sources among the farmers in the state, special assistance is necessary for purchase of tractors/power tillers.

  18. Research and Extension Need • Chhattisgarh does not have any Central Research Centre. In view of the substantial area under rainfed farming, it would be ideal to setup a regional ICAR Centre on Rainfed Farming in Chhattisgarh. • Priority should be given to evolve suitable production technology / crop variety for rainfed situation.

  19. Rabi 2011-12 An assessment Area Coverage : • Total area under Rabi / Summer crops estimated to be 17.10 lakh ha which is 3 % higher over last year. • Among cereals Rice, Wheat and Maize are major crops. Area under cereals have increased by 3 % over previous year. • As per preliminary estimation Area under Pulses and Oilseeds has increased by 3 % and 1 % respectively. Production : • Production of Summer rice estimated to be 6.52 lakh ton which is 2 % higher over last year. • Estimated production of Pulses assessed to be 6.76 lakh ton which is 7 % higher over last year (6.32 lakh ton). • Estimated production of Oilseeds assessed to be 1.54 lakh ton which is 3 % higher over last year (1.49 lakh ton).

  20. Rabi 2011-12 - Assessment

  21. Kharif Prospects 2012 • No much scope for horizontal expansion hence thrust will be on crop diversification & increasing productivity. • Target fixed for total Kharif cropped area 47.78 lakh ha which is slightly higher over previous year. • Emphasis will be on increase in Area under Pulses, Oilseeds & Maize. • Targetted area under pulses 4.08 lakh ha with 4 % increase over last year. • Proposed area under Oilseeds 3.53 lakh ha 3 % higher over previous year.

  22. Kharif Prospects 2012

  23. Gram Suraj Abhiyan

  24. Gram Suraj Abhiyan

  25. Gram Suraj Abhiyan - Input distribution by Agriculture Minister

  26. Checkdam & Micro Minor Irrigation Tank (Rain water harvesting)

  27. Demonstration

  28. ARHAR BUND FARMING ARHAR IN RICE FIELD BUND FARMING TIL PADDY LINE SOWING

  29. Thanks

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