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Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry. Functional Groups. Groups. Group name: alkyl Found in: alkanes. 2-methyl 3-ethyl pentane. Groups. Group name: alkene Found in: alkenes. but-1-ene. ( could also be written: CH 2 CHCH 2 CH 3 ). If a molecule has at least one alkene group, it is unsaturated.

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Organic Chemistry

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  1. Organic Chemistry Functional Groups

  2. Groups Group name: alkyl Found in:alkanes 2-methyl 3-ethyl pentane

  3. Groups Group name: alkene Found in:alkenes but-1-ene ( could also be written: CH2CHCH2CH3 ) If a molecule has at least one alkene group, it is unsaturated

  4. Groups Group name: hydroxyl Found in:alcohols butane-1,2-diol

  5. Groups Group name: carbonyl Found in:aldehydes(if at end of chain), ketones(if not) propanal pentan-3-one ( could also be written: HCOCH2CH3 ) ( could also be written: CH3CH2COCH2CH3 )

  6. Groups Group name: carboxyl Found in:carboxylic acids propanoic acid ( could also be written: HOOCCH2CH3 )

  7. Groups A carboxylic acid can lose its proton (H+) to become a carboxylate anion propanoate ion A carboxylate anion and a positive ion forms a carboxylate salt sodium propanoate

  8. Groups Group name: ester Found in:esters methyl propanoate ( could also be written: CH3OOCCH2CH3 ) Notice how each side of the ester is named: methyl propanoate

  9. Groups Group name: amine Found in:amines butan-2-amine ( could also be written: CH3CH(NH2)CH2CH3 )

  10. Groups Group name: amide Found in:amides don’t need to name these ( could also be written: CH3CONHCH2CH2CH3 )

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