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Sharing Resources

Sharing Resources. Chapter 13. Contents. Explain the naming of shared resources Describe permissions in many network operating systems Describe sharing resources in many network operating systems Explain how to access shared resources in many network operating systems. Resource Naming.

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Sharing Resources

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  1. Sharing Resources Chapter 13

  2. Contents • Explain the naming of shared resources • Describe permissions in many network operating systems • Describe sharing resources in many network operating systems • Explain how to access shared resources in many network operating systems

  3. Resource Naming

  4. Windows Resource Naming • Windows uses a combination of the server name and the shared resource name • The network share name does not have to be the same as the actual resource name

  5. UNC • Universal Naming Convention (UNC) describes any shared resource in a network as follows \\<server name>\<name of shared resource> • Drives may also be mapped to a shared resource • Right-click the folder and choose Map Network Drive • In Windows XP select Map Network Drive from the Tools menu in My Network Places

  6. Mapped Network Drives

  7. UNC and Printers • To connect to a shared printer use the printer’s UNC name to capture it net use LPT1 \\<computer name>\<print name> • Printers were captured to an LPT1 port using the NET command • UNC names are used to support older programs • Windows provides wide support for UNC names – try typing a UNC name into Internet Explorer

  8. UNC in Internet Explorer

  9. URL • Shared resources like e-mail and web browsers use the more common Universal Resource Locator (URL) nomenclature • http://www.totalsem.com/pictures/mike.jpg • ftp://ftp.whitehouse.gov/secure/secrets.doc

  10. Permissions

  11. Permissions • Permissions are sets of attributes network administrators assign to resources to define what users and groups can do with them • In NetWare permissions are called rights • Rights has a different meaning in Windows

  12. Security Models • Windows 9x has only one level of security • All other operating systems have two levels of security • First, you must log into the network • Second, you must have permissions to access the various resources

  13. Windows 9x Permissions • Windows 9x uses the resource-based security model with the following options • Full: everyone can whatever they want • Read-Only: everyone can read and view folders and files but cannot do anything else • Depends On Password: everyone will have full access if they know the password • The permissions are called share permissions • They only apply if accessing the resource over the network • Access to the resource while sitting in front of the machine is not restricted

  14. Windows NT Permissions • Windows NT has two ways to handle security based on the file system used • FAT • NTFS (NT File System) • If you format the partition using FAT, they you are restricted to Windows 9x security features • If you format the partition using NTFS, then you have powerful NTFS file and folder permissions for security

  15. Various File Systems

  16. NTFS Permissions • Permissions are embedded into each shared resource • The security is handled by the NT server or the NT domain – no the resource itself • If domains are not set up, then users must log in to each system separately • If a domain is implemented using NT Server, 2000 Server, or Server 2003, then users log in to the domain as a domain user – not a local user • Local user accounts still exist on machines in a domain but are only used for maintenance

  17. Logging On Logging on to each sharing system separately

  18. Logging On One logon to the server does it all

  19. Logon Options Local and domain options to log in

  20. NTFS Permissions under NT

  21. Special Permissions • NTFS standard permissions are groupings of special permissions

  22. NTFS Permissions • NTFS permissions are different than share permissions • NTFS permissions apply whether you log in over the network, in to a domain, or sit in front of the machine

  23. Windows 2000/2003 Permissions

  24. Windows XP Home Permissions • Windows XP Home offers only simple file sharing similar to Windows 9x

  25. Windows XP Professional Permissions • Windows XP Professional in a workgroup environment uses simple file sharing • To disable simple file sharing (and to gain the full range of sharing and security options available in Windows 2000), open Folder Options and deselect the last item in the list (Use simple file sharing (Recommended)) • Folder Options is located in Control Panel or through My Computer’s Tools menu (Folder Options  View tab) • When connected to a domain, simple file sharing is not available

  26. Disabling Simple File Sharing

  27. NetWare 3.x Rights • NetWare uses the term rights instead of permissions • Rights are stored in the Bindery

  28. NetWare 3.12 Rights

  29. UNIX/Linux • Permissions are the same for both networked and local users • File-serving programs like FTP use local permissions • Only three permissions are provided

  30. Sharing is Sharing • Sharing enables administrators to control the level of access to files and folders • Permissions and rights also exist for all other network resources (such as printers)

  31. Sharing Resources

  32. Sharing Resources • Sharing a resource involves 3 steps • Make sure your system is capable of sharing • Share the resource and name it • Set permissions (or rights) • No NOS allows you to share individual files – only folders • You may set permissions on individual files

  33. Sharing Folders – Windows 9x • Every NOS discussed is preset to share resources automatically except for Windows 9x • You must first install File and Print Sharing on a Windows 9x system • Right-click on Network Neighborhood and choose Properties

  34. Preparing to Share in Windows 9x

  35. Sharing in Windows 9x • Right-click the resource in My Computer or Windows Explorer and choose Sharing

  36. Sharing in Windows NT/2000/2003 • Windows NT, 2000, and 2003 are preconfigured to share • Just right-click on the resource and choose • Sharing in NT • Sharing and Security in 2000/2003 • You must be a member of the Administrators group or the Power Users group to share • We usually leave the default full-control permission on shares if we are going to use NTFS permissions as well

  37. Sharing Tabs Windows NT Windows 2000

  38. In NT click the Security tab and then the Permissions button In 2000/2003, just click the Security tab Setting NTFS Permissions

  39. Using NTFS Permissions • By default everyone has complete access • Click Add to see a list of users and groups • Then set permissions

  40. Windows XP Permissions • Right-click the folder and select Sharing and Security • With Simple File Sharing you see the figure shown • With Simple File Sharing disabled follow the same procedure as in 2000

  41. NetWare 3.x Rights • NetWare servers do not use drive letters – they use volume names like SYS: and VOL: • Administrative work is not done in front of the server machine – instead you access it remotely from a client machine • A drive (usually F:) is automatically mapped, even before you log in, as a public folder where various utilities are available • Sharing is preset – just set up trustee rights which are user and group permissions using the program SYSCON

  42. NetWare 3.x Trustee Rights Drive F: in NetWare Trustee rights that are assigned

  43. NetWare 4.x/5.x/6.x Rights • Sharing is done the same way as in 3.x, but a much better tool called NWADMIN is used

  44. UNIX/Linux Sharing • There are no standard graphical tools to use – each distribution uses their own • FTP is used to transfer files from one system to another • Network File System (NFS) enables a UNIX system to treat files and directories on another host as if they were local files • Just mount the directory • UNIX systems can pretend to be Microsoft clients and servers using SAMBA

  45. Samba

  46. Macintosh Sharing • Macintosh computers are ready to share folders immediately • Select the folder, choose File/Get Info

  47. Sharing Printers • There is a 3-step process to share printers • Make sure the system is capable of sharing a printer • Give the printer a share name • Set permissions

  48. Sharing Printers – Windows 9x • Add File and Print Sharing – be sure to check “I Want to Share My Printers with Others” • Find the printer in My Computer, right-click on it, and choose Sharing

  49. Sharing Printers – Windows NT/2000/2003/XP • Share the same way as in Windows 9x • Offers more permissions • Print: allows users and groups to print to the printer • Manage Printer: lets users control the printer properties • Manage Documents: lets users delete, pause, and restart print jobs

  50. Sharing Printers - NetWare • Novell NetWare can only control printers attached to a NetWare server • But printers are usually located around the end users • So Novell allows any type of OS client to act as a NetWare print server • Special software must be installed

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