Age of Exploration

1. Age of Exploration • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7H9CDPkNaQQ (Horrible Histories) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OzEWHG9iGI4 (Who really discovered America?) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NjEGncridoQ (Crash Course) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXGU8zhBLOk (First 5 min)

3. The Age of Discovery

4. Understanding WHO, WHY & HOW • In your groups, you will get an envelope filled with descriptions of people and how and why the explored and where they went. It is your job, as a group to categorize these statements into.. • Why people wanted to explore • How people were able to explore • People who were set out to explore & their accomplishments • Other (something that doesn’t fit into the other 3) • Once you have finished, answer the questions on the sheet provided. /

5. Explorers…Just to name a few… • Christopher Columbus • Leif Erikson • Vasco De Gama • Henry the Navigator • Ferdinand Magellan • Vasco de Balboa

6. Background • Who: • Three major groups: • The Portuguese and Spanish • The English and the Dutch • The Russians • Other Europeans also involved

7. Portugal goes first! • First European nation to make attempts at exploration • Why them? • What was discovered from these expeditions? • Spices!! • Gold!! • Who made these expeditions…?

8. Portuguese Exploration • Prince Henry of Portugal (1394-1460) • Promoted exploration of west African coast • Established fortified trading posts • 1488 BartolomeuDias rounds Cape of Good Hope, enters Indian Ocean basin • Storms, restless crew force return • Vasco de Gama reaches India by this route, 1497 • By 1500, a trading post at Calicut

9. Here comes Spain… • Hoping to find a direct route to Asia! • Sent conquistadors to conquer! • Hernan Cortes! • Francisco Pizzaro! • Created an empire!

10. Circumnavigation of the Globe • Vasco de Balboa finds Pacific Ocean while searching for gold in Panama, 1513 • Distance to Asia unknown • Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521) not supported by Portuguese, uses Spanish support to circumnavigate globe in 1519-1522

11. Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) • Believed Earth was smaller • Estimated Japan approximately 2,500 miles west of Canaries (actually 10,000 miles) • Fernando and Isabel of Spain underwrite voyage • Discovers Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola (DR) • SO…what were some effects of exploration??

12. Yummy

13. Without the Columbian Exchange… • Yummy?

15. Finally…The English, Dutch and French • England explored Northwest India • America – Jamestown, Virginia was founded! • Then more English colonies… • Dutch set up colonies in Asia and the Americas • French were last…but colonized Canada

16. Slavery Begins • Because of sugar cane plantations flourishing in the Caribbean and South America, more workers were needed! • In 1518 the first wave of African slaves were brought to the Americas .

17. Leif Eirksson • Viking • Believed to have first discovered the Americas BEFORE Columbus (Around 900-1000 A.D.) • http://www.history.com/topics/exploration/leif-eriksson

18. Columbus’s Voyages: Tried Three Times, Never Reached Asia

19. European exporation in the Pacific Ocean, 1519-1780.

20. What you should know.. • European exploration was facilitated by the revitalization of interregional connections between Europe, Asia and Middle East. • Portugal was the first European nation to make substantial efforts at exploring and creating a trading empire! • Columbus, sailing for the Spanish, discovered the New World, establishing Spain as a world power! • Other European nations followed the example of Spain in exploring North America! • European exploration established those nations as the dominant world powers for the next 400 years!