1 / 19

Objective

Objective. To investigate how national and regional policies influence the environmental sustainability of emerging local residential forms, especially in the Auckland Region using a case study based approach. Urban Sustainability Policies. National - Resource Management Act 1991

brendapittman
Download Presentation

Objective

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Objective • To investigate how national and regional policies influence the environmental sustainability of emerging local residential forms, especially in the Auckland Region using a case study based approach.

  2. Urban Sustainability Policies • National - Resource Management Act 1991 - National Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy, 2001 - Local Government Act 2002 - New Zealand Transport Strategy, 2002 - Sustainable Development Programme of Action (NZSDPOA), 2003 - Building Act 2004 - New Zealand Urban Design Protocol, 2005 • Auckland Regional • Auckland Regional Growth Strategy 2050 (ARGS) • Auckland Regional Land Transport Strategy, 2005 • Auckland Regional Affordable Housing Strategy, 2003 • District Plans, Regional Plans and Regional Policy Statements • Projects • - Learning Sustainability • - Low Impact Urban Design and Development (LIUDD) • - Beacon Pathway Ltd • Auckland Sustainable Cities Programme (“Urban Form, Design and • Development (UFDD)” and “Transport and Urban Form (TUF)”)

  3. URBAN TAXONOMY

  4. Local Urban Scale Close To Inner City – High density Medium Rise Residential Suburban – Low Density Low Rise Suburban – Medium density Medium Rise Mixed Residential

  5. Three Case Studies: Auckland Region • Greenwich Park, Grafton, Auckland City • Addison, Papakura District • Earthsong Eco-Neighbourhood, Waitakere City Sustainable Urban Form Analysis • Applications of urban design principles • Design characteristics • Subdivision layouts and open space provisions • Density of development • Potential and actual renewable energy use • Available transport options

  6. Greenwich Park, Grafton, Auckland • Inner city mixed-use, high-density, gated community • 85 attachedtwo-level terraced townhouses • Site area:1.53 hectares • Dwelling density: 56 dwellings per hectare • Lot sizes: 300–350 m² ; Approximate House Size: 100 m² • Good access to public transport buses and train • Close to shopping centres • Lack of pedestrian connectivity and vehicular traffic segregation • Open space areas along the site boundary • Subject to motorway noise Aerial photo source: Auckland City Council

  7. Grafton • Repetitive monotonous built forms • High fence acts as a visual barrier • Narrow strips of landscaped areas • High impervious areas

  8. Grafton • Sustainability features assumed: • compact form • shared services • increased walkability to work • use of public transport • Effective passive solar design • north orientations of roofs; • sufficient glazing in façades • allows solar gain • available solar efficient roof (No use of solar water heater or PV modules currently) • Inadequate spaces for installation of above ground rain tanks

  9. Addison, Takanini,Papakura • Suburban “master-planned community” built on “new urbanism” principles • 1500 homes of mixed housing types • Site area of approximately 80 ha of land • Dwelling density: ranges from 16 dwellings to 23 dwellings per hectare • Lot sizes vary from 180 m² to 486 m² • Very good vehicular and pedestrian segregation • Well clustered housing around • open-space areas Site Plan source: http://www.mip.co.nz/developments/project/addison

  10. Addison • Choice of harmonious colour schemes • Street facades and vistas created in aesthetically pleasing manner • Increased amenity values as located close to Bruce Pullman Park • Adequately designed landscaping • Modern residential environment

  11. Addison Comprehensive sustainability framework includes: • access to facilities • waste recycling and management • solar orientation and energy conservation • low-impact storm water management • biodiversity and planting

  12. Earthsong, Waitakere City • Medium Density eco neighbourhood with a variety of housing types • 32 homes built on the principles of permaculture and cohousing • Site area : 1.62 hectares • Dwelling density: 20 dwellings per hectare • Interactive community committed to more sustainable behaviour Site Plan source: http://www.earthsong.org.nz//infobook/index.html

  13. Earthsong • Buildings and neighbourhood are well integrated with the site • Informal gathering places • Edible landscaping for local food production • Dwellings along common pathways and courtyards • Car parks and carports on one side of the site • Safe, pedestrian-friendly play areas for children, pedestrian priority

  14. Earthsong • Sustainable design principles include: • buildings oriented north • non-toxic building materials • rainwater collection for household and garden use • on-site stormwater and wastewater treatment • low-impact urban design technology such as rain tanks, grass swales, permeable paving, use of renewable energy (solar water heaters)

  15. Research Outcomes • Policies could influence emerging local-scale urban forms in varied manners generating significantly different contributions to environmental sustainability; • Behaviour change and technology could both impact significantly on urban sustainability; behaviour is likely to make the larger change.

  16. Beddington Zero Energy Development (BedZED), UK • Mixed-use, mixed-tenure • Largest carbon neutral • eco community in UK • 82 well-insulated, affordable residential homes and offices • Encourage alternatives to car use, thereby reducing transport energy use • Zero heating design Source: http://www.bioregional.com/ • Sustainable designs include: • roof gardens • passive solar design • a small-scale combined heat and power plant (CHP) to supply hot water • low-energy lighting • energy-efficient appliances • waste water recycling • onsite renewable energy

  17. Behaviour and Sustainability The Typical household living in a conventional house have an Ecological Footprint of 5.4 Ha per person The Keen household living inBedZEDhave an Ecological Footprint of 3.6 Ha per person . Changing the built environment reduces Ecological Footprint by 11%, but changing how we live can reduce Ecological Footprint by 22%. If we do not learn to change our behaviour, there will be no point in changing our buildings.

  18. Future Research • Connecting sustainability research and environmental policy is essential for successful urban sustainability policy formulation and its subsequent implementation.

More Related