Child Abuse Child Protective Services Laws 1975

1. Child AbuseChild Protective Services Laws 1975 Name the 5 types of Child Abuse: • Physical • Emotional • Sexual • Neglect • Imminent Risk (added in 1997)

2. Essentials for Life • Food • Shelter • Clothing • Supervision • Medical care • Education • Protection from harm

3. COSTS of Child Abuse related services equals 98-100 billion dollars/year!!! CPS – Child Protective Services child abuse investigations (accounts for 30% of cases) GPS – General Protective Services Neglect / non-abuse cases needing SUPPORTS & SERVICES in order to prevent the potential from harm (accounts for 70% of cases)

4. GPS vs CPS Lori has six children, ages 16, 14, 13, 11 and a set of twins, who are 4 years old. Lori and the children live in a home with broken windows, which is often without heat. The younger children are always begging for food, and the older children are hardly ever around. The older children all have truancy issues. It is rumored that the 13-year old is drinking and smoking. GPS (neglect)

5. GPS vs CPS Linda is a 20 year old mother, who lives alone with her daughter, Tara age two. You notice several serious bruises on Tara’s legs and what appears to be a burn on her arm. In the past month Tara has been crouching in a corner and wetting her pants. Prior to this every time you saw Tara she was usually happy and loving who interacted with you easily. CPS (abuse)

6. GPS vs CPS Lisa is the 26-year-old mother of Noelle, age 3. A neighbor told you that Noelle was left home overnight when Lisa went out to search for drugs and that Lisa appeared to be frequently “high.” GPS (neglect)

7. GPS vs CPS Your neighbor asks you to take her and her two-year-old son to the local hospital. The mother claims that the boy fell off his tricycle and bruised himself. The hospital took xrays, and the doctor noted bruises in various stages of healing. The xrays confirmed a spiral fracture and an old fracture on the boy’s right leg. The mother becomes angry and denies any abuse. You have never met the boy’s father. CPS (abuse)

8. To be considered Child Abuse in PA… • Child less than 18 years old • Perpetrator • Parent of child • Person responsible for child's welfare • Individuals residing in the same home as child • Paramour of child's parent • Act or Failure to Act(something you did or should have done that resulted in serious harm or risk of serious harm)

9. Exclusions Injuries that result from: • Accidental injury • Environmental factors (something beyond the caretaker’s control) • Religious beliefs (must be a recognized religion – not a cult or fanatical group)

10. Reporters • Permissive – those who can, may remain anonymous • Mandated – those who must, can result in jail and fines Required by law any time they have a reasonable suspicion that a child they are aware of through their employment has been abused.

11. Reporting • Only police, CYS (Children & Youth Services) and medical personnel may keep a child at their place of employment if they suspect the child will be in danger if she or he returns home

12. Annual Cost of Child Abuse In Pennsylvania PA’s Child Welfare System is responsible for a wide range of services to abused, neglected, dependent, and delinquent children. Funding provided by the state and county agencies for all these services exceeds $1.5 billion

13. Serious Physical Injury • Recent (within 2 years) • Causes severe pain • Significantly impairs functioning, temporarily or permanently ------------------------------------- 2007 amendment Any infant born with an illegal substance in their blood

14. Serious Mental Injury • A psychological condition that is diagnosed by a physician or licensed psychologist that: • Renders the child chronically and severely anxious, agitated, depressed, socially withdrawn. Psychotic, or in reasonable fear that his/her safety is threatened; OR • Seriously interferes with the child’s ability to accomplish age-appropriate developmental and social tasks.

15. Sexual Abuse or Exploitation • The employment, use, persuasion, inducement, enticement, or coercion of any child to engage in or assist any other person to engage in any sexually explicit conduct or any simulation of any sexually explicit conduct for the purpose of producing any visual depiction, including photographing, videotaping, computer depicting or filming of any sexually explicit conduct or the rape, sexual assault, involuntary deviate sexual intercourse aggravated indecent assault, molestation, incest, indecent exposure, prostitution, sexual abuse, or sexual exploitation of children. Even investigate 18-20 yr olds if they report sexual abuse *Over 21 POLICE investigate up to 30+ years out

16. Serious Physical Neglect • Endangers the child’s life or development OR 2. Impairs the child’s functioning It must arise from: • Prolonged or repeated lack of supervision OR • Failure to provide the essentials of life including adequate medical care (May start as a GPS concern but if an injury occurs  crosses line to abuse)

17. Imminent Risk • Pertains to serious physical injury or sexual abuse and exploitation • Recent act or failure to act • Takes into account • Happenstance (Factors behind anyone’s control) • 3rd party intervention • Actions of the child Addresses circumstances where the child was not actually harmed but would have been if not for happenstance, intervention of a 3rd party or the actions of the child

18. Safe Haven (also known as The Newborn Protection Act) • Took effect in February 2003 • States that a parent of a newborn may leave the child in the care of a hospital without being criminally liable.

19. Pennsylvania • 24,378  cases reported in 2011 only 4,071 indicated (substantiated) (67% girls, 33% boys) The number of both reported and substantiated cases declined in 2011 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Match the number to the type(also including number of FATALITIES due to abuse) 194, 34, 150, 1016, 20, 2691

20. 20–Serious mental injury 34 –Fatalities due to abuse 150 – Serious physical neglect 194 - Imminent Risk 1,016 – Serious physical Injury 2691 – Sexual abuse or exploitation