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Cell Transport

Cell Transport. Homeostasis. Maintaining internal equilibrium by adjusting physiological processes How do you maintain homeostasis???. Plasma Membrane. Regulates what enters/ leaves cell Helps maintain homeostasis Made of phospholipids with embedded proteins.

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Cell Transport

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  1. Cell Transport

  2. Homeostasis • Maintaining internal equilibrium by adjusting physiological processes • How do you maintain homeostasis???

  3. Plasma Membrane • Regulates what enters/ leaves cell • Helps maintain homeostasis • Made of phospholipids with embedded proteins. SEMI-PERMEABLE!!!! – Lets some but not all things enter and leave the cell http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mtDm2OKIK1k&NR=1&feature=endscreen

  4. Polar?? • Polar Molecule: a molecule with an unequal distribution of charge • Each molecule has a positive and negative end • Attract other ions and polar molecules • This is why water can dissolve ionic compounds like salt & polar compounds like sugar

  5. Diffusion • Form of passive transport (NO ENERGY NEEDED) • Solutes move from HIGH concentration to LOW concentration • Go with concentration gradient

  6. Diffusion • Results because of random movement of particles • Three keys: • Concentration • More concentration, more rapidly diffusion occurs due to more collisions between particles • Temperature • Increase in temp, will increase energy, and cause more rapid particle movement- Increase rate of diffusion • Pressure • Increase pressure will accelerate particle motion

  7. Osmosis • Diffusion/movement of water from HIGH to LOW across a membrane (also passive transport)

  8. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DVsmtCgXtU0

  9. Isotonic Solution Keep Shape!!! • The concentration of dissolved substances in the solution is the same as the concentration of dissolved substances inside cell.

  10. Hypotonic Solution • The concentration of dissolved substances is lower in the solution outside the cell than the solution inside the cell.

  11. So What?! • Since solution inside the cell is more concentrated, water floods in the cell. • Animal Cells: cells swell and can swell until they bust • Plant Cells: Cells swell, BUT they won’t bust due to the cell wall • Cell becomes more firm

  12. Hypertonic Solution • The concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell is higher than the concentration inside the cell.

  13. And? • Since solute concentration is higher outside the cell, free water exits the cell. • Water flows out of cell. • Animal Cells: Shrivel because of decreased pressure • Plant Cells: Plasma membrane pulls away from cell wall • Why plants wilt.

  14. All Together Now!

  15. Two Types of Transport • Passive Transport • NO Energy • Uses transport proteins • Active transport • Requires Energy • Can go against the concentration gradient • Uses transport proteins

  16. Transport Proteins • Move needed substances or waste materials • Facilitated Diffusion = uses transport proteins

  17. Endocytosis • Process by which a cell surrounds and takes in material from its environment • Substance engulfed by membrane, not pass through

  18. Exocytosis • Expulsion or secretion of materials from a cell • Use to expel wastes; secrete substance like Hormones http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4gLtk8Yc1Zc

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