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Semester 2, Day 13

Semester 2, Day 13. Fossil Evidence of Evolution. Agenda. Review for Quiz on Speciation and Isolation Turn in Homework Take Quiz on Speciation and Isolation Lecture on Fossil Evidence of Evolution Break Reading/Work Time. Review for Quiz on Isolation and Speciation.

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Semester 2, Day 13

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  1. Semester 2, Day 13 Fossil Evidence of Evolution

  2. Agenda • Review for Quiz on Speciation and Isolation • Turn in Homework • Take Quiz on Speciation and Isolation • Lecture on Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Break • Reading/Work Time

  3. Review for Quiz on Isolation and Speciation • Gradualism theory of evolution (from book) • Punctuated equilibrium definition (from book) • Definition and Process of Speciation • Definition of Prezygotic and Postzygotic Isolation • Types of Isolation. Are they Pre or Post? Understand definitions and examples • Behavioral, Gametic, Hybrid Inviability, Habitat Isolation, Hybrid Breakdown, Geographical, Spatial, Mechanical, Hybrid Sterility, Temporal

  4. Homework Due • Cornell Notes on Section 15.2 Pg 409-413 • Questions: • 15.2 #2-5 • Chapter 15 Assessment #3, 4, 8, 11, 15, 21-24

  5. Take Quiz • Silence during quiz • Eyes on your own paper • Flip over when finished

  6. Fossil Evidence of Evolution Part 1: Theory Part 2: Evidence

  7. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Fossil: preserved evidence of an org.

  8. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Trace Fossil: Indirect evid. left by org. (footprints, burrows, fossilized feces)

  9. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Mold Fossil: Impression of an org.

  10. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Cast Fossil: Mold filled w/ sediment

  11. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Replacement Fossil: Original material replaced by crystals, detailed replicas

  12. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Petrified Fossil: Empty pore spaces filled in by materials

  13. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Amber Fossil: Preserved tree sap traps entire org . Hardens into amber.

  14. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Original Material Fossil: Mummification or freezing preserves original orgs.

  15. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Most decompose before fossilized • Those rapidly buried in sediment are preserved • Sediment: minerals or organic matter (dirt, sludge, etc.)

  16. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Drawing • Igneous Rocks: magma cools • Metamorphic Rocks: extreme heat & pressure • Sedimentary Rocks: minerals & sediment accumulate • Nearly all fossils are SEDIMENTARY (can’t survive ht or pres.)

  17. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Fossil Record: fossils in earth’s layers; major events in hist. of life. • Strata: dif. rock layers • Same age strata have same fossils no matter where layer is

  18. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Fossil Record (cont.) • Dramatic speciation after mass extinctions • Mass Ext.: many species die out at once • Speciation: new species evolve

  19. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Based on fossil record, scientists think that: • The earth is ~4 bil. yrs old • Dating Fossils • Relative Dating (LAW OF SUPERPOSITION) • Old strata below new strata • Radiometric Dating • Decay of radioactive chemicals

  20. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Work Sheet

  21. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Geologic Time Scale: major geo. & bio. events in Earth’s hist.

  22. End: multi Cellular eukaryotes Precambrian 87% Beg: 1 cell prokaryotes (no nucleus) 1st life = ~3.4 bil. yrs.

  23. “Age of Reptiles” Cambrian Explosion of ocean animals, “Age of Marine Life”

  24. Mass Extinction of marine animals (90%)

  25. “Age of Mammals” Mass Extinctionof dinosaurs “Age of Dinosaurs

  26. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Think about a year… Jan  Feb  Mar  Apr  May  June  Precambrian Humans Jan  Mid-Oct Evening on Dec 31st July  August  Sept  Oct  Nov  Dec Precambrian Paleozoic Mid-Oct  Dec 10 Mesozoic Cenozoic Dec 10  Dec 26 Dec 26  Dec 31

  27. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Pangaea • Began as 1 land mass • Sep. over time • Orgs. on dif. continents can be very similar • Will meet on other side to make a new supercontinent

  28. Fossil Evidence of Evolution • Amasia: collision of North America and Asia

  29. BREAK

  30. Reading/Work Time • Cornell Notes Section 14.1 pgs. 375-379 • Questions: • 14.1 #1-5 • Chapter 14 Assessment #3, 6, 9, 10, 12, 18-20 • Remember! • 3 out of 5 checked for accuracy and completion • Less than 3/5 on HW = 0 on quiz until corrected

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