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Kingdom Protista Animal-like Protists

Kingdom Protista Animal-like Protists. Introduction. Protozoa (the animal-like protists) are the most abundant organisms in the world in terms of numbers and biomass Protozoa are also called zooplanton. Introduction. Their principle importance is as consumers of bacteria

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Kingdom Protista Animal-like Protists

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  1. Kingdom ProtistaAnimal-like Protists

  2. Introduction • Protozoa (the animal-like protists) are the most abundant organisms in the world in terms of numbers and biomass • Protozoa are also called zooplanton

  3. Introduction • Their principle importance is as consumers of bacteria • They are also often sources of food. For example, baleen whales live on nothing but small protists (zooplankton and phytoplankton)

  4. Introduction • They are also important as parasites and symbionts of multicellular animals

  5. Introduction • They are defined as single-celled, aquatic, eukaryotic organisms that exhibit diverse motility mechanisms

  6. Introduction • Protozoa may be heterotrophic or autotrophic

  7. Phylum Sarcodina • Example: Amoeba

  8. Sarcodina: Characteristics • Blobby shape • Cytoplasm has ectoplasm & endoplasm • Pseudopodia • Change shape all the time • Contractile vacuole

  9. Sarcodina: Movement • Cytoplasmic streaming • Pseudopodia

  10. Sarcodina: Nutrition/Food • Heterotrophic • Eat Bacteria, organic debris, other protists

  11. Sarcodina: Response/Senstivity • Move away from light— Called an avoidance reaction (They will dehydrate quickly if they stay in light)

  12. Sarcodina: Reproduction • Divide asexually by mitosis

  13. Sarcodina: Environment/Economic Importance • Recyclers • 1st or 2nd consumer in the aquatic food chains • Cause disease (dysentery) • Eat bacteria

  14. Sarcodina: Diagram

  15. Phylum: Zoomastogina Examples: Leishmania Trichomonas

  16. Phylum: Zoomastogina • Movement: 1 to 4 whip-like flagella • Nutrition/Feeding: Bacteria; other protists; organic debris

  17. Phylum: Zoomastogina • Response/Sensitivity: None Known • Reproduction/Life Cycle: Asexual by mitosis

  18. Phylum: Zoomastogina Environmental/Economic Importance: • Many are disease-causing

  19. Phylum: Zoomastogina Diagram

  20. Phylum Ciliophora • Examples: Paramecium

  21. Ciliophora: Unique Characteristics • Cilia all over or in distinct regions • 2 nuclei • Contractile vacuole to control water balance Paramecium Humor

  22. Ciliophora: Movement • Rhythmic beating of cilia causes somersaults or rotating motions

  23. Ciliophora: Nutrition/Food • All heterotrophic • Eat Bacteria, organic debris, other protists • Cilia sweep food particles into oral groove; food enters mouth pore and makes a food vacuole

  24. Ciliophora: Response/Sensitivity • Avoidance Reaction • respond to light, chemicals, and/or temperature changes • Trichocysts for defense—harpoon-like for stinging

  25. Ciliophora: Reproduction/Life Cycle • Asexual by mitosis • Sexual—recombination of DNA by conjugation (see details in your book)

  26. Ciliophora: Environmental/ Economic Importance • Recyclers of nutrients • Cleaners • 1st or 2nd consumers in aquatic food chains

  27. Ciliophora: Diagram

  28. Phylum: Sporozoa • Examples: Plasmodium (causes malaria)

  29. Sporozoa: Unique Characteristics • All parasitic • All disease-causing

  30. Sporozoa: Movement • None • “Go with the flow” • Move with blood or saliva of host organism

  31. Sporozoa: Nutrition/Food • Feed on blood of Host • Heterotrophic

  32. Sporozoa: Response/Sensitivity • None—nothing needed since it is parasitic and is always inside of a host organism.

  33. Sporozoa: Reproduction/Life Cycle • Complex Life cycle involving 2 or more hosts • 2 part life cycle • 1 part sexual • 1 part asexual

  34. Sporozoa: Environmental/ Economic Importance • Diseases are expensive to cure and prevent • “Idol Gives Back” buys mosquito netting to help poor areas where malaria exists

  35. Sporozoa-Diagram • No diagram because they are too small to see in detail, even with an electron microscope • Instead, be familiar with the life cycle (see diagram in your note sheet; use your book or last slide to fill in blanks)

  36. Sporozoa Here is a picture of malaria infected blood cells.

  37. Sporozoa--life cycle of Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria

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