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Introduction to the study of Human Sexuality

Introduction to the study of Human Sexuality. Introduction Theoretical Perspectives Research. Introduction. Sex Refers to sexual anatomy and sexual behavior. Gender Refers to the state of being male or female. Sexual behavior Produces arousal and increases the chance of orgasm.

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Introduction to the study of Human Sexuality

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  1. Introduction to the study of Human Sexuality Introduction Theoretical Perspectives Research

  2. Introduction • Sex • Refers to sexual anatomy and sexual behavior. • Gender • Refers to the state of being male or female. • Sexual behavior • Produces arousal and increases the chance of orgasm.

  3. Religion • Until about 100 years ago, religion provided most of the information people had about sexuality. • People of different religions hold different understandings of human sexuality. • These religious views often have a profound impact.

  4. Study of Sexuality • Scientific study of sex began in the 19th century. • Major breakthroughs in the scientific understanding of sex came with the massive surveys in the United States by Alfred Kinsey and investigations by Masters and Johnson. • The scientific study of sexuality is a joint effort by biologists, psychologists, anthropologists, & physicians.

  5. Sex Researchers • Sigmund Freud • Henry Havelock Ellis • Richard von Krafft-Ebing • Magnus Hirschfeld • Alfred Kinsey • Masters and Johnson

  6. Timeline

  7. Culture • Incest taboos - regulations prohibiting sexual interaction between blood relatives are nearly universal. • Different societies have different standards of attractiveness.

  8. Culture • Societies respond differently to: • Kissing • Inflicting pain • Masturbation • Premarital sex • Extramarital sex • Sex with same-gendered partners

  9. Cross-Cultural Research • Give us an understanding of the enormous variation in human sexual behavior. • Help us put our own standards and behavior in perspective. • Provide us with evidence concerning the importance of culture and learning in the shaping of sexual behavior.

  10. Cross-Species Research • Masturbation - found among many species of mammals. • Same-gender behavior - found in many species. • Sexual signaling - found in other species.

  11. Cross-Species Research • Human uniqueness - sexual behavior is more instinctively controlled among lower species and more controlled by the brain in higher species. • Nonsexual uses of sexual behavior - animals sometimes use sexual behavior for nonsexual purposes.

  12. Sexual Health • Sexual health is a state of physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being in relation to sexuality • For sexual health to be attained and maintained, the sexual rights of all persons must be respected, protected, and fulfilled. (World Health Organization 2002)

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