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DS4-T5

DS4-T5. Zaandam Meeting 24-25 February. Andrew Faulkner - UMAN. Beam Forming: at patch/tile level for phased arrays. DS4-T3. DS4-T4. 1. 2. 3. n (100?). Antennas. LNA. DS4-T1. Tile. Magic beamforming system. DS4-T6. Obs data. DS4-T5. Control. Power supplies, monitoring etc.

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DS4-T5

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  1. DS4-T5 Zaandam Meeting 24-25 February Andrew Faulkner - UMAN

  2. Beam Forming: at patch/tile level for phased arrays DS4-T3 DS4-T4 1 2 3 n (100?) Antennas LNA DS4-T1 Tile Magic beamforming system DS4-T6 Obs data DS4-T5 Control Power supplies, monitoring etc. Power DS4-T5

  3. Beam forming:Considerations • Number of fields of view (FOVs) • Acts as SKA ‘multiplier’ • RFI mitigation – info DS4-T3/2 vital early • Power budget – heat! • 106 tiles, maybe 108 elements so: COST AND MASS PRODUCTION DS4-T5

  4. ADC Approaches - Analogue LNA Control RF Based Beam forming FOV ADC Another FOV DS4-T5

  5. DSP DSP DSP DSP Digital Beam forming Approaches - Digital LNA ADC ADC ADC ADC DS4-T1 Control DS4-T5

  6. Projects in DS4-T5 ASTRON MMIC based analogue beamforming €558k UMAN/OXF All digital system to each antenna element €1,551k INAF Develop digital beamforming for Northern Cross €185k OPAR/CNRS Develop analogue beam forming components €807k ASTRON Photonics investigation (wild card??) GaAs based beamformers development for EMBRACE WP8: Element level DSP design -key cost driver WP11:Tile level digital beam former. Design and build FPGA based DSP coupled with digital beamforming system using FPGA and Alpha system. DS6?? Silicon based beamformers development PICS low cost analogue interconnect technology DS4-T5

  7. Trade Offs Analogue Digital Proven? Yes Not yet…. Flexibility Features Designed in Programmable FOVs A few (2) Potentially many RFI resilience Fixed Can be changed Calibration for 106 tiles Tricky! Good Cost ‘low’ ‘high’ Single Beam performance Excellent Excellent DS4-T5

  8. Some Numbers... DS4-T5

  9. Reality • MUST pursue all options • Major/dominant cost driver for SKA • 2-PAD ALL Digital testbed • Final SKA system possibly an analogue/digital mix DS4-T5

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