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Structure of long bone

Structure of long bone. Bone contains neatly arranged matrix of protein (collagen) fibers along with water and mineral salts (calcium hydroxide & calcium phosphate). The mineral salts accumulate in-between and around the collagen fibers, they crystallize and the tissue hardens.

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Structure of long bone

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  1. Structure of long bone Bone contains neatly arranged matrix of protein (collagen) fibers along with water and mineral salts (calcium hydroxide & calcium phosphate). The mineral salts accumulate in-between and around the collagen fibers, they crystallize and the tissue hardens

  2. "LONG BONE" = typical bone • Major parts:1. EPIPHYSIS - expanded ends of bone made of spongy or cancellous bone. Cancellous bone has a honeycomb structure with many spaces. Red bone marrow is stored in cancellous bone, blood cell production occurs here. ARTICULATES (forms a joint) with another bone.2. DIAPHYSIS - shaft of the bone made of compact or hard bone important for protection and support 3. ARTICULAR CARTILAGE - hyaline cartilage covering the ends of bones, function is to reduce friction between bones and absorb shock 4. PERIOSTEUM – tough shiny white membrane covering over entire bone, except for articular cartilage. Connect with tendons and ligaments. Forms bone tissue and is important for growth, ntrition and repair. • MEDULLARY CAVITY - hollow chamber within the diaphysis connects to spaces in spongy (cancellous) bone. Filled with soft specialized tissue called yellow bone marrow. • NUTRIENT FORAMEN – Small opening in the diaphysis, blood vessels pass through here, enter the medullar cavity and provide the bone marrow and compact bone with blood and nutrients • " Red Marrow - mainly in spongy bone in adults. Produces blood cells" Yellow Marrow - fat storagein adipose cells, energy reserve • ENDOSTEUM - lining of the medullary cavity

  3. Femur can take approx. 1000kgs of pressure • Skeleton takes up 14% of the total body weight • Born with 300 bones, you end up with 206 • Red bone marrow can produce around 5 billion red blood cells each day. • 80 bones are found in the axial skeleton, which consists of the bones in the skull, face, and torso. There are 28 bones in the skull (including facial bones and middle-ear bones). • The appendicular skeleton consists of 126 bones and includes the arms, hands, legs, feet, shoulder girdle, and the pelvic girdle. • Each of our hands consists of 27 bones http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mgNLchwqJ8Q&feature=related

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