Industrial Revolutions & Worker Organization: A Comprehensive Review

1. Bellringer (1/9/17) • Welcome back! Let’s review where we are… • How did farming practices change during the Agricultural Revolution? • What was the Enclosure Movement? • Why did the factory system replace the cottage industry? • What kind of power fueled the factory system? • Name 2 positive effects of the Ind. Revolution. • Name 2 negative effects of the Ind. Revolution.

2. Today’s Class (1/9/17) • Outcome • Be able to explain the factors that led to Great Britain leading the Industrial Revolution • Be able to analyze the transition from the First to Second Industrial Revolution. • Be able to explain worker’s efforts toward organizing. • Agenda • Finish Great Britain Industrial Revolution BBC video (add 20 more facts) • Notes – Growth of Industrial Prosperity & Second Industrial Revolution

3. Growth of Industrial Prosperity & Second Industrial Revolution Section 13.1

4. Move to Second Ind. Rev. • The first Industrial Revolution that occurred in Britain in the second half of the 1700s focused on business and transportation. • Increase production, faster product movement • By the late 1800s, larger countries were becoming increasingly industrialized. • Economies became industrial-focused • In the late 1800s, a Second Industrial Revolutionoccurred - focused on improving the lives of people & increasing consumerism.

5. Second Industrial Revolution • New industries arose – steel, chemicals, electricity, and oil • Steel replaced ironmaking stronger, lighter, and faster, machines, engines, ships, railways, and even weapons. • Electricity became the new form of energy that provided heat, light, and motion. • New inventions – light bulb, telephone, radio • Streetcars increased size of cities

6. Second Industrial Revolution

7. Eiffel Tower – completed in 1889 • Example of using steel to construct skyscraper. • Tallest building in the world at its completion.

8. Effects of Second Ind. Rev. • As sales of European manufactured goods increased, so did production and workers’ wages. • Two European economic zones emerged: • Zone 1 – Advanced industrial zone – manufacturing, good transportation & living standard (Britain, Germany, France, Netherlands) • Zone 2 – Primarily agricultural – provided food & raw materials to Zone 1(Italy, Spain, Portugal, Russia) • By 1900, Europe dominated world economy

9. Organizing Industrial Workers • Workers formed trade unions and political parties to improve their conditions. • Karl Marx wrote The Communist Manifestoas a reaction to the conditions in the factories • Blamed capitalismfor the terrible working conditions and hours.

10. Marxist Ideas • Marx saw history as struggle between two classes – bourgeoisie & proletariat • Bourgeoisie owned means of production, so controlled society & oppressed proletariat, who depended on bourgeoisie • Marx predicted an open revolution between the two groups • Proletariat would violently overthrow bourgeoisie, set up dictatorship, & develop classless society.

11. Growth of Industrial Prosperity & Second Industrial Revolution Section 13.1

12. Marxist Ideas • In response to Marx’s ideas, socialist political parties emerged in Europe. • Pure Marxists wanted a violent revolutionto overthrow capitalism. • Revisionist Marxists favored change through worker organizations (unions) and political parties.

13. Trade Unions Develop • By 1870, unions had won the right to strike and were able to improve their working and living conditions.

14. The Growth of Industrial Prosperity Use Chapter 13, Section 1 (pgs 397-401) to complete questions regarding the Second Industrial Revolution & Workers’ Organization

15. Current Event: College Football Players Union? • Up for Discussion: • Why do the football players want to form a union? • How do they argue forming a union would benefit them? • What is your opinion? Would this work? Why/why not?