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High Frequency Variability of Heart Rate. Baroreceptor. Brain stem. 2. V. 1. 3. Arterial Pressure. Lung Volume. SA node. Physiology of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia. Output - Vagus nerve Input - Pulmonary stretch receptor. Vagal Tone Dependent. Anrep , 1936.
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High Frequency Variability of Heart Rate Baroreceptor Brain stem 2 V 1 3 Arterial Pressure Lung Volume SA node
Physiology of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia • Output - Vagus nerve • Input - Pulmonary stretch receptor
Vagal Tone Dependent • Anrep , 1936
Lung Volume Dependent • Anrep, 1936
Response to Change in Lung Volume • Anrep, 1936
Linear to Vagal Tone • Anrep, 1936
Influences of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nerves • Anrep, 1936
Physiology of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia • Output - Vagus nerve • Input - Baroreceptor
HFRR and Baroreflex • Fundamental relations between short-term RR interval and arterial pressure oscillations in humans. Circulation (1996)
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia as a measure of parasympathetic cardiac control • Fouad et al, 1984 Fig 1-5 • Pomeranz, 1985
HFRR and Sympathetic or Vagal nerves • Effect of cardiac vagal and sympathetic nerve activity on heart rate in rhythmic fluctuations. J. Auton. Nerv. Sys. (1985)
How Vagal Activity Affects HRV • Berger et al., 1989 (Fig 1, 4)
HFRR and Intrinsic Mechanism • Evidence for an intrinsic mechanism regulating heart rate variability in the transplanted and the intact heart during submaximal dynamic exercise?Cardiovasc. Res. (1990) • Is respiratory sinus arrhythmia a good index of cardiac vagal tone in exercise ?J. Appl. Physiol. (1996)
High Frequency Variability of Heart Rate Baroreceptor Brain stem 2 V 1 3 Arterial Pressure Lung Volume SA node 1.Baroreflex dependent pathway (tilt) 2.Baroreflex independent pathway (supine) 3.Non-autonomic pathway (cardiac denervation)
Low Frequency Variability of Heart Rate Central oscillator 2 Brain stem Sy V 1 Baroreceptor SA node 1.Baroreflex dependent pathway (major) 2.Baroreflex independent pathway (minor)
Spectral analysis of fluctuations in cardiovascular parameters: a quantitative tool for the investigation of autonomic control---詹婉卿 Respiratory sinus arrhythmia: noninvasive measure of parasympathetic cardiac control---王春惠 Evidence for an intrinsic mechanism regulating heart rate variability in the transplanted and the intact heart during submaximal dynamic exercise?---賴賢勇 Spectral analysis of blood pressure and heart rate in conscious rats: effects of autonomic blockers---劉信宏