Biology End of Course Review

1. Biology End of Course Review Energy Absorption Experiment Scientific Methodology

2. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer.

3. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer. What is the manipulated (independent) variable? The color of the cardboard

4. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer. 2. What is the responding (dependent) variable? How much heat the colors give off when exposed to sunlight (recorded as temperature)

5. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer. 3. List three controlled variables Size of cardboard Angle of cardboard Time exposed to sunlight Same thermometer type All cardboard had dry paint

6. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer. 4. What is the control group? The thermometer without cardboard under it. It records the temperature of the air which will be used as a comparison.

7. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer. 5. What is the experimental group? The four pieces of colored cardboard with thermometers.

8. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer. 6. Make a hypothesis as to which cardboard will be the hottest. Since black paint absorbs all colors of visible light, the light energy absorbed will be converted to heat energy and reemitted….

9. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer. 6. Make a hypothesis as to which cardboard will be the hottest. …and since white paint reflects all colors of light, it doesn’t absorb very much light energy. Thus the white paint will emit less heat and be cooler than the black.

10. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer. 7. Make a prediction as to what will happen in this experiment. You most likely said the black cardboard will record a higher temperature than the white cardboard.

11. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer. 8. Name at least one possible source of error. Reading the thermometer incorrectly Thermometer increments may not be precise enough Not enough trials / samples

12. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer. 9 . Study the thermometers. What conclusions can be drawn? The temperatures shown on the thermometers supports the hypothesis and prediction that the black paint gets the hottest and the white paint the coolest.

13. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer. 10. How could this experiment be improved.? Have a larger sample size Do multiple trials Use digital thermometers

14. Energy Absorption Experiment Read the experiment description below and answer the questions which follow. • Take four pieces of cardboard of the same size. Paint two black and the other two white. • Let the paint dry. • Take the four pieces of cardboard outside and place a thermometer on each piece. • Place all four pieces of cardboard in the sun at about the same angle. Leave the pieces in the sunlight for 15 minutes. • Leave the 5th thermometer in the sun with no cardboard (plain air) for 15 minutes. • After 15 minutes, record the temperatures for each thermometer. 11. Propose an additional or follow-up experiment to try. Try cardboard painted with other colors like red, orange, yellow, green, and blue.