Napoleon’s Empire Collapses

1. Napoleon’s Empire Collapses Ch. 7, Section 4

2. Napoleon’s Conquests • Aroused nationalistic feelings across Europe and contributed to his downfall. • Nationalism = belief people should be loyal to their nation rather than a king or empire Napoleon’s Costly Mistakes • The Continental System • The Peninsular War • The Invasion of Russia

3. The Continental System • Continental System - economic plan to strengthen Europe, weaken Britain by isolating Britain • Napoleon strikes Britain through blockade • Smugglers, uncooperative allies make blockade fail • Britain responds with its own blockade, led by its stronger navy

4. The Peninsular War • Napoleon sends troops across Spain to attack Portugal • Napoleon makes brother king of Spain • Spanish use guerrilla warfare • Napoleon loses 300,000 soldiers • Nationalist rebels fight French in other conquered territories The Iberian Peninsula

5. British Cartoon

6. The Invasion of Russia • Relations with Russia break down, Napoleon invades with 420,000 men • Russians use scorched-earth policy • Russians retreat from Moscow and burn the city • Napoleon retreats, with high casualties

7. Napoleon’s Retreat from Moscow (Early 1813) 100,000 French troops retreat—40,000 survive!

8. Napoleon’s Downfall • Britain, Prussia, Sweden, Russia, Austria join forces • Napoleon surrenders , exiled to Elba • Royalists take control, restore the monarchy (Louis XVIII) • 9 months after arriving in Elba, Napoleon will escape

9. Napoleon’s Downfall The Hundred Days • Louis XVIII is overthrown and Napoleon returns • Waterloo—British, Prussian forces defeat Napoleon’s army • This ends Hundred Days

10. Napoleon on His Way to HisFinal Exile onSt. Helena

11. Napoleon’s Residence on St. Helena

12. Napoleon’s Tomb

13. What is Napoleon’s Legacy?

14. Hitler Visits Napoleon’s Tomb June 28, 1940