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Napoleon Forges an Empire

Napoleon Forges an Empire. Chapter 23 Section 3. I Napoleon Grasps the Power A. hero of the Hour. Napoleon was a lieutenant and joined the army of the new gov’t when the Rev. broke out

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Napoleon Forges an Empire

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  1. Napoleon Forges an Empire Chapter 23 Section 3

  2. I Napoleon Grasps the PowerA. hero of the Hour • Napoleon was a lieutenant and joined the army of the new gov’t when the Rev. broke out • Napoleon successfully defended delegates of the National Conventionhailed as the savior of the French republic • Appointed to lead French army against Austria • Victories in Italian Alps  “the general”= Napoleon

  3. B. Coup d'état • Napoleon created plot to take over control • He was appointed head of army then drove out members of one chamber of the national legislature • Legislature voted to dissolve the Directory and established a group of 3 consuls • Napoleon seized doctoral powers as the 1st consul of French rep. • Coup d'état (“blow of state”)= sudden seizure of power AKA a coup

  4. At the time of Napoleon’s coup, France was still at war • 2nd Coalition of anti French powers formed • All 3 actions sign peace treaties w/ France • Napoleon now free to focus on restoring order to France

  5. II Napoleon Rules FranceA. Restoring Order at Home • Plebiscite was held to approve a new constitution (4th in 8 yrs.) • Plebiscite= vote of the people • Napoleon had order and stability in his rule • Kept many changes from the revolution • His 1st focus was the economy • Set up efficient tax collecting & national bankbetter control of econ • 2nd was to reduce gov’t corruption & improve gov’t services • Fired corrupt officials & set up lycees= gov’t run public schools

  6. All children edu. Togetherappointed to pub. Office based on merit rather than fam. Connections • Peasants and clergy still wanted to return power of church in France • Napoleon signs concordat (agreement)= gov’t recognize influence of church but rejected church control in Nat'l affairsearned him support of church & majority of French ppl • His greatest goal= Napoleonic Codeuniform set of laws gave country uniformity but limited liberty & promoted order &authority of individual rights • Took away rights of women won during rev. • Freedom of press gained in rev was restricted • Slavery reinstituted on French colonies in the Caribbean

  7. B. Napoleon Crowned as Emperor • Napoleon names himself emperor & the voter support him • Takes crown from popes head and places it on himselfsignals that he is more powerful than the church

  8. III Napoleon Creates an EmpireA. New World Territories • Napoleon wanted to control all of Europe and the New World • He knew they key was sugar cane in French colony of Saint Domingue on island of Hispaniola • Planters in Hispaniola hear of revolution and demand the same privileges be given to them by National Assemblyslaves demanding their freedom • Civil war eruptsNapeleon sends in troops but they loose

  9. When expedition in Hispaniola fails the US offers to buy New Orleans • Napoleon realizes opp. To make $ and cut his loses in the Americas • Napoleon offers to sell entire Louisiana terr. & Pres. Jefferson agrees • Napoleon “killed two birds with one stone” • Gained $ to finance operations in Europe • Assured power of the US to rival GB (France’s competition in Europe)

  10. B. Conquering Europe • Annexed Austrian Netherlands, pats of Italy, and set up puppet gov’t in Switzerland and continued to add terr3rd Coalition against France • Napoleon wins series of battles including Austria, Prussia, & Russia signing peace treaties w/ France • Only ally standing in his way was GB and their powerful navy

  11. C. Battle of Trafalgar • In war against 3rd Coalition napoleon lost only one major battle: Battle of Trafalgar • This defeat more important than all his victories on land because • Assured supremacy of British navy for next hundred years • Forced Napoleon to give up plans of invading Britain • Napoleon’s effort to Crush Britain would lead to his demise

  12. D. The French Empire • His victories gave him control over most of Europe • Controlled numerous independent lands & some formally under French Empire • Some were puppet gov’ts & others were loosely attached by threats of mil. Actionlarge empire but it was unstable • His threatsconquered ppl becoming aware of their loyalty to their own nations

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