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English Colonization

English Colonization. 5 REASONS FOR ENGLISH EXPLORATION. 1. Economics: TO MAKE MONEY. A. Mercantilism: an economic system of trade – OR – Colonies existing for the benefit of the mother country. B. New merchant class of people wanted to get rich through overseas trade.

cailin-woodward
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English Colonization

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  1. English Colonization 5 REASONS FOR ENGLISH EXPLORATION

  2. 1. Economics: TO MAKE MONEY • A. Mercantilism: an economic system of trade • – OR – • Colonies existing for the benefit of the mother country

  3. B. New merchant class of people wanted to get rich through overseas trade. C. Middle/lower class: wanted a better life because they could not afford to live in England. D. Unemployed farmers: wanted to own land

  4. 2. SOCIAL A. Workers/Farmers: wanted to move up the social ladder. B. English leaders: colonies were a safety valve – a place to send criminals or people causing religious problems.

  5. 3. POLITICAL A. English subjects: wanted political freedom WHY?????? Kings ruled by divine right; this took away political freedoms from the citizens.

  6. 4. RELIGIOUSdominant religion - Roman Catholic PROTESTANT REFORMATION: People spoke up to protest or reform (change) the Catholic Church 3 MAJOR FIGURES

  7. MARTIN LUTHER (1517) • Catholic monk who wanted to reform the Catholic church- posted 95 thesis that criticized practices in the church. • EFFECT: split church: CATHOLIC AND PROTESTANT

  8. JOHN CALVIN (1530s) • He believed in Predestination (CALVINISM) - belief that God has chosen to send certain people to heaven and the remainder to hell. - Decision is said to take place before the universe was created and is purely random.

  9. KING HENRY VIII (1534)ENGLAND • Split with the Catholic church and developed his own church: ANGLICAN CHURCH

  10. 5. RIVALRY WITH SPAIN VS. • WHY????? • a. Spanish colonies were very successful in bringing wealth and pride to Spain • b. Religious issues (Catholic vs. Protestant)

  11. BRITISH PLAN!! • English “Sea Dogs” attacked Spanish ships and ports stealing their gold and silver and returning to England • Sir Francis Drake (most successful Sea Dog) England attacked Spain for 3 years

  12. SPANISH REVENGE1588 • Spanish King Phillip II sent the Spanish Armada (most powerful navy in the world) to conquer England. • Fought battle in the English channel; smaller faster English ships defeated the Armada • Armada was really hurt by a strong storm • Only 67 out of 130 ships made it back to Spain • DEFEAT OF THE SPANISH ARMADA

  13. Pictures representing the defeat of the Spanish Armada

  14. EFFECT • a. England would remain independent and Protestant • b. Spain’s image was tarnished- they could be defeated • c. Opened up seas for England- leading to colonization

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