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ENGLISH COLONIZATION

ENGLISH COLONIZATION. REASONS FOR ENGLISH EXPLORATION. A. Economics: LOOKING FOR OPPORTUNITY. Mercantalism: an economic system in which the nation increases their wealth and power by obtaining gold and silver and establishing a favorable balance of trade

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ENGLISH COLONIZATION

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  1. ENGLISH COLONIZATION REASONS FOR ENGLISH EXPLORATION

  2. A. Economics: LOOKING FOR OPPORTUNITY • Mercantalism:an economic system in which the nation increases their wealth and power by obtaining gold and silver and establishing a favorable balance of trade • Colonies existed for the benefit of the mother country.

  3. 2. New Merchant class: wanted to get rich through overseas trade 3. Middle/Lower class: wanted a better life-could not afford to live in England 4. Unemployed farmers: wanted to own land

  4. B. SOCIAL • Workers/Farmers: wanted to move up the social ladder. • English leaders: colonies were a safety valve- way to get rid of certain people!! example: Religious problems and criminals.

  5. C. POLITICAL • English subjects: wanted political freedom

  6. D. RELIGIOUSDominant religion- Roman Catholic PROTESTANT REFORMATION: Protest/Reform the Catholic Church 3 MAJOR FIGURES: • Martin Luther • John Calvin • King Henry VIII

  7. MARTIN LUTHER (1517) • Catholic monk who wanted to reform the Catholic church- posted 95 thesis that criticized practices in the church. • EFFECT: split church: CATHOLIC AND PROTESTANT

  8. 2. JOHN CALVIN (1530s) • Predestination (CALVINISM) belief that God has chosen to send certain people to heaven and the remainder to hell. -Decision is said to take place before the universe was created and is purely random.

  9. 3. KING HENRY VIII (1534)ENGLAND • Split with the Catholic church and developed his own church: ANGLICAN CHURCH

  10. E. RIVALRY WITH SPAIN VS. • WHY????? • a. Spanish colonies were very successful in bringing wealth and pride to Spain • b. Religious issues (Catholic vs. Protestant)

  11. BRITISH PLAN!! • English “Sea Dogs” attacked Spanish ships and ports stealing their gold and silver and returning to England • Sir Francis Drake (most successful) attacked Spanish for 3 years

  12. SPANISH REVENGE1588 • Spanish King Phillip II sent the Spanish Armada (most powerful navy in the world) to conquer England. • Fought battle in the English channel, smaller faster English ships defeated the Armada • Armada was really hurt by a strong storm • Only 67 out of 130 ships made it back to Spain • DEFEAT OF THE SPANISH ARMADA

  13. Pictures representing the defeat of the Spanish Armada

  14. EFFECT • a. England would remain independent and Protestant • b. Spain’s image was tarnished- they could be defeated • c. Opened up seas for England- leading to colonization

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