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Introduction to Matter

Introduction to Matter. Chemistry is the study of matter and how it changes. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (or has volume). There are 3 topics you have studied which are not matter because they have no mass or volume. What do you think they are? Light Sound

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Introduction to Matter

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  1. Introduction to Matter

  2. Chemistry is the study of matter and how it changes... • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (or has volume). • There are 3 topics you have studied which are not matter because they have no mass or volume. What do you think they are? • Light • Sound • Electricity

  3. Atoms Elements Compounds All compounds are molecules... but not all molecules are compounds!! Molecules

  4. ATOMS • The smallest particle that has properties of an element is an atom! • Atoms are matter! • What are the parts of an atom?????

  5. ELEMENTS • An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance. • Each element has a one or two letter symbol. • RELATIVE AMOUNTS OF THE ELEMENTS IN YOUR BODY

  6. COMPOUNDS CO O2 H2O2 • A compound is a substance made of atoms of more than one element bound together.

  7. MOLECULES O2 H2O • Molecules are the smallest unit of a substance that exhibit all of the properties characteristic of that substance.

  8. CHEMICAL FORMULAS • A chemical formula is a written way to show what elements and how many atoms of an element are in a compound or molecule. Example: 2 2 or stars I can count that I have four stars I have two to the second power in stars or H H H2 I can write the chemical formula by writing the symbol for Hydrogen followed by a subscript that shows how many atoms of hydrogen there are I can count that I have two atoms of Hydrogen (H)

  9. Practice! If the chemical formula for a water molecule is H2O, what does 3H2O mean??? • Two atoms of Oxygen: • O2 • Four atoms of Carbon: • C4 • One atom of Chlorine: • Cl • One atom of Carbon and two atoms of Oxygen: • CO2

  10. Pure Substances v. Mixtures • A pure substance is matter with a fixed composition and definite properties. Compounds can be pure substances • A mixture is a combination of more than one pure substance. Which of these are Pure Substances and which are Mixtures?? Cough Syrup Water Salt Water Apple Juice Aluminum Sugar Moving on...

  11. MIXTURE!!!

  12. PURE SUBSTANCE!!!

  13. Classification of Mixtures • We can mix solids and liquids or liquids with liquids. • If the substances are not uniformly mixed; your substance is a heterogenous mixture. • If the substances are uniformly mixed then your substance is a homogeneous mixture. • Any part of a system that has uniform composition and properties is called a phase. • A homogeneous mixture will have one phase. • A heterogeneous mixture will have two or more phases.

  14. When dealing with liquid-liquid mixtures... • A mixture with liquids that are miscible will dissolve into each other in various proportions. • A mixture with liquids that are immiscible will not mix with one another.

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