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Introduction to Matter

Introduction to Matter. Essential Questions: 1.What properties define matter? 2.What is the difference between mass and weight? Objectives: Describe the properties that define matter. Explain the difference between weight and mass. Compare the densities of various objects.

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Introduction to Matter

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  1. Introduction to Matter Essential Questions: 1.What properties define matter? 2.What is the difference between mass and weight? Objectives: Describe the properties that define matter. Explain the difference between weight and mass. Compare the densities of various objects.

  2. Mass, Volume, & Density

  3. What is matter? • Anything that has mass and takes up space. • Makes up the materials around you.

  4. What is mass? • Mass: Measurement of the amount of matter (or stuff) in an object • Measured in grams (g)

  5. What is weight? • Weight: measure of the gravitational force of an object.

  6. What is the difference between mass and weight? Weight can change depending on an object’s location but mass stays the same. Weight

  7. What is volume? Measurement of the amount of space an object takes up Measured in milliliters (ml) or cm3

  8. Measuring Volume using a formula

  9. Measuring Volume using water displacement

  10. Which do you think would have the greater volume? The greater mass?Why? The mass is the same but the volume of the rock would be greater. 1 kg of rocks 1 kg of feathers

  11. What is density? Density is defined as a measure of the amount of mass in a given volume. It is a measure of how tightly packed (volume) and how heavy (mass) the molecules are in an object.

  12. Which one is more dense?Demonstration: People in a square Which square is more dense? The square on the right because there are more people pack into the same space. The volume is the same but the mass is different. D = m/v D= 5/5 D = 1 D= 20/5 D = 4

  13. Which one is more dense? Now which one is more dense? D = m/v D = 4/1 D = 4 D = m/v D= 4/2 D= 2 The object on the left because the people are pack close together in a smaller space. The mass is the same but the volume is different.

  14. Change Mass AND Keep Volume Same Ways to Affect Density Increase the mass  increase density Decrease the mass  decrease in density Which container has more density? A B

  15. Change Volume AND Keep Mass Same Ways to Affect Density Increase the volume  decrease density Decrease the volume  increase density Which container has more density? A B

  16. What 2 ways will INCREASE density? Keep the same mass AND decrease the volume Keep the same volume AND increase the mass

  17. How to calculate density: Formula: M = mass V= volume D = density M = D x V V = M / D D = M / V Units for density g/cm3 or g/ml

  18. To find density: • Find the mass of the object • Find the volume of the object • Divide : Density = Mass - Volume Ex. If the mass of an object is 35 grams and it takes up 7 cm3 of space, calculate the density. 35 g D = 5 cm3 7 cm3

  19. Ex. A basalt rock displaces 16 mL of water. The density of the rock is 3.0 g/cm3 What is the mass of the rock? M = 48 g 3.0 g/cm3 16 mL

  20. Water and Density • Water has a density of 1 g/mL • Any object with a density greater than 1 g/mL will sink. • Any object with a density less than 1 g/mL will float. • Example: Wood has a density of .85 g/cm3 Will wood sink or float in water? float

  21. Liquid Layers If you pour together liquids that don’t mix and have different densities, they will form liquid layers. The liquid with the highest density will be on the bottom. The liquid with the lowest density will be on the top. Objects or substances with MORE density will sink below objects or substances with LESS density Which do you think is MORE dense, Water or Oil???

  22. Water, Oil…and a Superball The oil is less dense than the water, so it’s on top. The superball is less dense than water, but more dense than oil, so it sinks to the bottom of the oil layer, yet floats on the top of the water layer.

  23. If you have 2 or more substances, the MORE dense substance will be on bottom The LESS dense substance will be on top

  24. 3, 2, 1, 4, 5 • 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 • 5, 3, 1, 2, 4 • 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 The density of five liquids are measured as follows: • Liquid 1: 1.0 g/mL • Liquid 2: 1.38 g/mL • Liquid 3: 0.77 g/mL • Liquid 4: 2.95 g/mL • Liquid 5: 0.056 g/mL Draw a picture of all 5 liquids in a test tube how they would layer according to density

  25. The density of five liquids are measured as follows: • Liquid 1: 1.0 g/mL • Liquid 2: 1.38 g/mL • Liquid 3: 0.77 g/mL • Liquid 4: 2.95 g/mL • Liquid 5: 0.056 g/mL Draw a picture of all 5 liquids in a test tube how they would layer according to density

  26. Liquid Layers Check out this picture. Which layer has the highest density? Which layer has the lowest density? Imagine that the liquids have the following densities: 10g/cm3. 3g/cm3. 6g/cm3. 5g/cm3. Which number would go with which layer from top to bottom? 3 g/cm3 5 g/cm3 6 g/cm3 10 g/cm3

  27. Liquid Layers – Try with your neighbor Which liquid has the highest density? A. Oil B. Water C. Syrup

  28. Liquid Layers – Try with your neighbor Which liquid has the lowest density? A. Oil B. Water C. Syrup

  29. Liquid Layers – Try with your neighbor Which liquid has the middle density? A. Oil B. Water C. Syrup

  30. Liquid Layers – Try with your neighbor Which liquid has the highest density? Which liquid has the lowest density? Which liquid has the middle density? Syrup Oil Water

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