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World War II Review

World War II Review. American Studies Semester II. The Road to War . The Rise of Dictatorships Hitler in Germany Mussolini in Italy Tojo in Japan Stalin in Russia Aggression in Asia (Manchuria) Aggression in Europe Ineffectiveness of the League of Nations. War Begins.

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World War II Review

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  1. World War II Review American Studies Semester II

  2. The Road to War • The Rise of Dictatorships • Hitler in Germany • Mussolini in Italy • Tojo in Japan • Stalin in Russia • Aggression in Asia (Manchuria) • Aggression in Europe • Ineffectiveness of the League of Nations

  3. War Begins • France and Great Britain officially declared war on Germany in 1939 after Germany invaded Poland. • When the war begins, the United States remains neutral.

  4. Allied Powers vs. Axis Powers • Allied Powers • Russia • Great Britain • France • China • United States (will join the war in 1941) • Axis Powers • Germany • Japan • Italy

  5. U.S. Neutrality • While the U.S. claims to be neutral in the beginning of WWII, our government helps the Allied Powers in two ways: • Cash-and-Carry • Lend-Lease Act

  6. U.S. Embargo on Japan • What foreign policy tool did the U.S. use against Japan? • Dec. 7, 1941 Japan bombs Pearl Harbor • U.S. Response: FDR signs the declaration of war on Dec. 8 • How does U.S. foreign policy change?

  7. U.S. Homefront: Social and Economic Impacts • War Production Board: directed the conversion of existing factories to wartime production and supervised the building of new plants • Rationing: • Families had rationing cards determining what they could purchase at the supermarket • Rationing of gas • Propaganda • Liberty Bonds • More Americans had to pay income taxes • Selective Training and Service Act: provided the first peacetime draft in American history; all men, ages 21 to 35, had to register for the draft • Victory Gardens • Canning vegetables • Women took over the jobs men had left to fight the war

  8. Japanese Internment

  9. Selective Training and Service Act • First peacetime draft in American history • Registration of all men between ages 21 and 35 • Women also volunteered as nurses, did office work, drove vehicles, and ferried planes in order to free men for active duty

  10. African Americans • Many blacks moved into better-paying industrial jobs • African Americans served in segregated units and until 1943 were kept out of combat • African Americans continued to struggle for equality in pay and promotion • Many blacks moved northward to work in war plants; they faced discrimination in housing

  11. Mexican Americans • 300,000 Mexican Americans served in the military • Many factories opened up jobs to Mexican Americans • Prejudice and discrimination against Hispanics in jobs, housing, and recreation facilities caused resentment • Zoot-Suit Riots (sailors were attacking Mexican Americans in Los Angeles)

  12. Women • Rosie the Riveter • Women took on traditionally male jobs in factories, on farms, etc.

  13. The War Ends • Atomic bombs are dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki • War ends in 1945

  14. New Foreign Policy • U.S. emerged as a world power with global responsibilities • U.S. realized the need for Wilson’s version of an international organization to keep the peace. • New era of international cooperation • 1944 -International Monetary Fund • 1945 -United Nations • 1948 -International tariff regulation (GATT) • U.S. is a leading military power

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