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World War II Review

World War II Review. What can you remember?. Make of list of all the things you can remember about WWII – causes, battles, events, people, places, etc. Allied Powers and Axis Powers. Allied Powers. Axis Powers. Germany Italy Japan. Britain China France Soviet Union United States.

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World War II Review

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  1. World War II Review

  2. What can you remember? • Make of list of all the things you can remember about WWII – causes, battles, events, people, places, etc.

  3. Allied Powers and Axis Powers Allied Powers Axis Powers Germany Italy Japan • Britain • China • France • Soviet Union • United States

  4. What’s Happening in Europe? • Dictators rise to power • Hitler in Germany • Mussolini in Italy • Tojo in Japan • Stalin in Russia • Result of poverty and depression in Europe –charismatic leaders step in • Use extreme nationalism and militarism to unify nation and gain power Joseph Stalin Hideki Tojo Benito Mussolini Adolf Hitler

  5. What’s Happening in Europe? • Expansion • Japan seizes part of China and French Indochina • Hitler begins rebuilding Germany’s military • Restricted after WWI by Treaty of Versailles • Hitler invades and occupies the Rhineland (France), Austria, and Czechoslovakia • Mussolini invades Ethiopia • Appeasement • Germany, Italy, and Japan withdraw from the League of Nations and ignore its reprimands • Britain and France remained passive aggressors through Hitler’s expansion

  6. The US Remains Neutral • Congress passes Neutrality Acts in 1935, ‘36, and ’37 • Prevented the US from supplying arms, ammunition, or implements of war • Wanted to keep the US out of Europe’s wars

  7. Hitler Plunges Europe into War • Invasion of Poland • Blitzkrieg (lightening war) easily captures Poland • Hitler invades from the west and the Soviet Union invades from the east • Hitler moves west • Conquers Denmark and Norway • Takes France, Britain has to evacuate its troops

  8. The US Enters WWII • Roosevelt begins to separate from neutrality • Began arming after France falls • Implemented first peacetime draft • Lend-Lease Act, 1941 • Britain nearing bankruptcy during Battle of Britain • US will lend, not sell, arms to Britain • Give “all aid short of war”

  9. The US Enters WWII • Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941 • Surprise attack on US Pacific Navy Fleet in Hawaii • Damaged or sank 18 American ships, damaged or destroyed 300 military aircrafts, killed 2,400 Americans, and wounded 1,200 • Roosevelt asked Congress to declare war on Japan the next day • Three days later Germany and Italy declare war on the US

  10. WWII and the Home Front • Wartime production ends the Great Depression! • HUGE increase in government spending  increased taxes, rationing, price controls, victory gardens, and more.

  11. WWII and the Home Front • Executive Order 9066 • Set up military zones that could separate residents who were believed to be a threat to security • Used to round up Japanese Americans and put them in internment camps • Korematsu v. US(1944) upholds the legality of internment camps – civil rights can be restricted during times of war

  12. War Rages on in Europe • The allies decide to focus on Europe First • Hitler decides carry out the Final Solution – to systematically exterminate all the Jews from Europe • Nazis start in the Soviet Union and murder thousands of Jews • Nazis build death camps to quickly eliminate Jews

  13. War Rages on in Europe • Allies successfully invade Italy and North Africa • The Battle of Stalingrad • Germany pounces on USSR while allies are preoccupied with Italy and N. Africa • Hitler orders soldiers to fight to the death! • Soviets begin counteroffensive and surround the Nazis – many froze and starved and surrendered • Germany lost over 200,000 troops and Soviets lost over 1 million

  14. Operation Overlord • Codename for invasion of France • June 6, 1944 D-Day allied forces storm the beaches of Normandy, France • Extremely bloody, but successful battle – by August the allies liberated Paris

  15. Germany Surrenders! • SS officers try to eliminate evidence of the concentration camps • Allies eventually begin to liberate camps • Germany surrenders on V-E Day May 8, 1945

  16. War in the Pacific • Military generals use Island Hopping strategy • They would bypass heavily defended islands and capture nearby islands to use as an airbase to bomb Japanese held-islands • Successful, but at a cost… • Battle of Iwo Jima • One of the bloodiest battles of the war and lasted for months • Battle of Okinawa • Two months of hand-to-hand combat • Iwo Jima and Okinawa were key to taking over Japan

  17. The Atomic Bomb • The Manhattan Project was established to develop the top-secret weapon • Truman weighs his options • Rising American casualties • Japan refused unconditional surrender • Some generals objected • This would definitely send a message to the rest of the world

  18. WWII Finally Comes to an End • Japan surrendered unconditionally following the atomic bomb • V-J Day came on August 14, 1945 • 55 million people died, 30 million were civilians • Soviet Union suffered the most losses at 20 million • 400,000 American soldiers killed • For the most part, Americans believed their soldiers had died for a noble cause

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