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Stress on Aortic Aneurysms

Stress on Aortic Aneurysms. University of Rhode Island Biomedical Engineering Kasey Tipping. Overview. What/Where/ Why/ Who How is it diagnosed? Treatment Surgery Benefits of a 3-Dimensional Model Effects of the Study Sources. What?.

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Stress on Aortic Aneurysms

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  1. Stress on Aortic Aneurysms University of Rhode Island Biomedical Engineering Kasey Tipping

  2. Overview • What/Where/ Why/ Who • How is it diagnosed? • Treatment • Surgery • Benefits of a 3-Dimensional Model • Effects of the Study • Sources

  3. What? • Aorta : The largest artery in the body, extends from the heart to the lower abdomen • Aneurysm: localized blood filled dilation, causes weakening of the artery wall If this occurs : it causes discomfort, could rupture (severe pain) in which case death could result

  4. Where? • The aneurysms occur in the thoracic and abdominal regions (90%) of the aorta • Abdominal: Start off as asymptomatic, leads to pain in the abdomen and back (AAA) • Thoracic: more evident, chest pain, cough, shortness of breath • Tend to be spindle shaped

  5. Why? • Arterioclerosis: hardening of the arteries (80%); • Post-trauma: physical trauma to aorta • Genetic disease/ hereditary: rare inheritable disease of connective tissue (Ehlers-Danlos or Marfan’s) • Infection: syphilis or endocarditis Risk factors • Smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, age

  6. How is it Diagnosed? • MRI, Ultrasound, CT scan Treatment Larger Aneurysms (>5.5cm) • Surgery: physically capable or whether it can be postponed Smaller Aneurysms (<5.5cm) • Beta blockers (high blood pressure and cholesterol meds) Both: No smoking, exercise, heart-healthy diet

  7. Surgery • Open heart surgery • Major surgery • Low to average risk patients • Sewing in a synthetic tube • Endovascular Stent Graft • Minimally invasive • Guiding a wire carrying a catheter from the femoral artery to the aneurysm, and a fabric tube is fitted in place to reinforce the walls

  8. Benefits of a 3-Dimensional ModelPeak wall stress = Rupture point 2-D 3-D

  9. The Study • 5 patients with AAA • Three constitutive models: two anisotropic ( 1&2) and one isotropic • Used to model the mechanical behavior of the aneurysmal wall • CT scan, calculations, MATLAB, outcome

  10. Results Isotropic Anisotropic (1) Anisotropic (2) Isotropic Anisotropic (1) Anisotropic (2)

  11. Work Cited • Works Cited: • -The Effect of Material Model Formulation in the Stress Analysis of Abdominal • Aortic Aneurysms 37.11 (09): 2218-221. Print. • -Aortic Aneurysm. Yahoo Heart & Vascular Health, 2010. Web. 17 Feb. 2010. • -Aortic Aneurysm. WebMd, 2010. Web. 18 Feb. 2010. • -Aortic Aneurysms. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, 2010. Web. 16 Feb. 2010.

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