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The Norwegian Model for Gender Equality

The Norwegian Model for Gender Equality. Mona Larsen-Asp Deputy Director, the Equality and Anti-discrimination Ombud. How many countries voted against the inclusion of women’s cross-country skiing as an Olympic event in 1952? More than 10 countries? 4 countries? 1 country?.

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The Norwegian Model for Gender Equality

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  1. The Norwegian Model for Gender Equality Mona Larsen-Asp Deputy Director, the Equality and Anti-discrimination Ombud

  2. How many countries voted against the inclusion of women’s cross-country skiing as an Olympic event in 1952?More than 10 countries?4 countries?1 country?

  3. ”The first skiing competitions were certainly not good advertising for women. The newpapers had pictures of girls laying all worn out on the ski track with soup and sweat flowing in their faces, even their hair was messy – the pictures were, all in all, made as gloomy as possible.”Aftenposten, daily newspaper, 1952

  4. ”I can guarantee that no women will be competing on the ski flying hill in Vikersund in the beginning of March.” Head of the ski jump committee, Torbjørn Yggeseth to VG 17th February 2004

  5. Gender Equality Gender Equality is all about unveiling conzervative ways of thinking and acting, and doing something concrete when men and women are not afforded the same opportunities.

  6. History • 1959 Norway ratified ILO convention no. 100 on equal pay. The Equal Pay Council was established by the Government. • 1972 The Equal Pay Council was reorganised to Gender Equality Council. • 1979 The Gender Equality Act. Ombud. • 2006 The Equality and Anti-discrimination Ombud

  7. Grounds for discrimination

  8. Preconditions • Economic independence. • Norway have achieved formal equality with one exeption: the Act on Military Service. • Equal opportunities – we can’t all become leader’s. • And to live a life free for sexual abuse and violence.

  9. The importance of the 1970’s • The decade of Equality in Norway. • Women’s research. • Women’s movement. • Women entering the labour market. • Women taking higher education. • Building of Public Kinder gartens.

  10. Promotion of Equality • Enforcement of the law is not sufficient to gain equal opportunities or to make use of equal rights. • A wide range of tasks and target groups requires a wide range of policies. • Solid documentation is required like statistics and scientific research.

  11. Only in the Gender Equality Act • Duty to promote gender equality and to report on it in annual reports. • Special protection of women when pregnant. • Equal pay for work of equal value. • Sexual harassment.

  12. The Public Machinery • Parliamentary Committee on Equality issues. • The Ministry of Children and Equality is policy maker. The Ministry was renamed in 2005 – for the first time with ”Equality” as part of the official name. • Committee of State secretaries on Equality.

  13. A duty to promote Equality • All the Ministries have a responsibility to promote equality. • All 430 municipalities and 19 counties have the same responsibility. • The official Norway are obliged by law to promote equality.

  14. The labour market • 50,3 % of the population in Norway is women. • 84 % men and 77 % women between 25 and 66 years old are part of the labour force. • Public sector: 69 % women • Private sector: 37 % women • Gender segregated labour market. • Part time – Full time.

  15. % men and women in work force

  16. Women in power…? Stortinget (Parliament)38 % Government, cabinet ministers 47 % Government appointed committees 47 % Municipal councils38 % Mayors (Municipalities)23 % Professors 18 %

  17. In other words… • 62 % men in the Parliament • 53 % men in the cabinet • 62 % men in the municipalities • 77 % of the mayors are men

  18. It’s rainingmen… • 82 % of the Chief Municipal Officers are men. • 83 % of Top Executives are men. • 60 % of board members, listed companies – men. • 82 % of the professors - men…

  19. Equal Pay! When? • 1959 Equal Pay Council. • 1961 The women tariff is abolished. • 2008 – still not equal pay in Norway. • The Equl Pay Commission presented a report to the Parliament in February this year. • Next year – in 2009 – 50 years with public focus on the issue… Still not solved.

  20. Concrete measures • Fathers quota. • Act on gender representation for 100 per cent state owned companies and privately owned public limited companies.

  21. State leadership Women Men • Total 38 % 62 % • Defence 21 % 79 % • Culture 25 % 75 % • Oil 27 % 73 % • Equality 62 % 38 %

  22. Private boards, publiclimited companies • Board Chairpersons Women Men 2008 7 % 93 % • Board members 2008 40 % 60 % 2007 25 % 75 % 2006 18 % 82 %

  23. The demands • Boards with 2-3 members -both sexes must be represented • Boards with 4-5 members -both sexes must be represented with at least 2 persons • Boards with 6-8 members -both sexes must be represented with at least 3 persons • Boards with 9 members -both sexes must be represented with at least 4 persons • Boards with 10 members or more -both sexes must be represented with a min. of 40 %

  24. ”Decisions taken by people with different point of view and different background and experiences have a tendency to be of higher quality then decisions taken by people who have the same opinion of the world.” PR Adviser Hans Geelmuyden

  25. All power to short people Picture a society where all the power is given to people who are short. In this society you have to be 1,60 meters or less in order to be taken seriously. The question is how to create equality between the short and the tall people.

  26. All power to short people • Change the tall ones. • Create equal opportunities. • The quality of the tall ones can be given value. • Change the culture.

  27. Thank you for your kind attention! www.LDO.no

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