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Medieval Europe

Medieval Europe. After the Fall. From 476 CE on, various Germanic tribes split Europe into different kingdoms/cultures Strongest and most important tribe was the Franks. The Franks. Settled in what is now France & W. Germany Merovingians – early leaders of the Frankish Empire

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Medieval Europe

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  1. Medieval Europe

  2. After the Fall • From 476 CE on, various Germanic tribes split Europe into different kingdoms/cultures • Strongest and most important tribe was the Franks

  3. The Franks • Settled in what is now France & W. Germany • Merovingians – early leaders of the Frankish Empire • 481 CE –Clovis (1st Germanic leader to convert to Catholicism)

  4. Keeping Europe Christian • 732 CE – Charles Martel (aka “The Hammer”) battle of Tours, beats Muslims

  5. Charlemagne (“Charles the Great”) • “A New Rome” – for the 1st time since the fall of Rome, most western Europeans under one ruler • Appointed Emperor by the Pope • Emphasis on education & the church

  6. What happened to the Franks? • Death of Charlemagne in 814 CE • Invasions • Muslims • Slavs & Magyars • Vikings • Split into 3 kingdoms

  7. Vikings • What they are NOT? • A single nation or tribe • Guys wearing helmets with horns • Guys with ponytails (tresses) • Dirty, unclean barbarians who only fought and pillaged

  8. So who were the Vikings? • Viking – a verb meaning to take part in a raid or expedition • Most were farmers, fishermen, and traders • Colonizers & explorers • 1st Europeans to “discover” America Usually from Scandinavian region (Danes, Swedes, Norwegians)

  9. No evidence of horned helmets • Shaved their heads in the back from ear to ear and let it grow long in the front • Were actually known for being very clean – used tweezers, razors, combs & “ear spoons”

  10. Non-Response Grid Defeated Muslims at battle of Tours, kept Europe Christian. Also known as the Hammer. Who is he? • Charlemagne • Clovis • Charles Martel

  11. Non-Response Grid Greatest of the Frankish kings. United most of Western Europe under his rule, appointed Emperor of the Romans by the Pope. Who is he? • Clovis • Charlemagne • Charles Martel

  12. The Social, Political, & Economic Backbone of the Middle Ages Feudalism and the Church

  13. Suppression & Isolation • Lack of strong central power and invasions led to instability and isolation, feudalism developed in response • The Church opposed any new ideas different than doctrine, which led to suppression of science & inquiry

  14. Feudal Relationships • Fiefs – estates or lands granted to someone of lesser rank (who would split them into manors for those below) • Vassal – a person receiving a fief who serves someone of higher rank (baron or lord) • Knight – a person trained and devoted to combat • Peasants – workers who were “free” • Serf – workers who were “tied” to the land

  15. The Manor System • Knight or lord had absolute authority on his estate • Peasants & serfs work the land in exchange for protection • Each manor was self-supporting

  16. The Church • Became very powerful, wealthy, & corrupt • Canon law – the rules of the church • Heretics – unbelievers or anyone who questioned the Church

  17. Life in the Middle Ages • Chivalry – code of behavior expected of knights • Bravery in battle • Treat women w/ respect • Be kind & courteous • Troubadours – traveling musicians who composed poems & music about love & bravery • “Courtly love” – emotions & attraction important part of a relationship

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