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Understanding Dependent Sources in Electric Circuits

Learn advanced nodal analysis techniques with controlled voltage and current sources. Solve examples like voltage amplifiers, MOSFET switches, and transistor circuits using the node voltage method and simultaneous equations.

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Understanding Dependent Sources in Electric Circuits

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  1. ECE 1270: Introduction to Electric Circuits Lecture 6: Advanced Nodal Analysis Chapter 4 Techniques of Circuit Analysis: Sections 4.3,4.4

  2. Dependent Sources and Their Applications ____ Controlled Voltage Source ____ Controlled Voltage Source ____ Controlled Current Source ____ Controlled Current Source Example: Voltage Amplifier Example: Transimpedance Amplifier Example: MOSFET Switch Example: Bipolar Junction Transistor

  3. Node Voltage Method: Dependent Sources Find unknown voltages by summing the currents leaving each node Example 4.3 Step1: Label Nodes Step2: Define Node Voltages

  4. Node Voltage Method: Independent Sources Step3: Write Current Leaving Each Branch Passive Sign Convention Substitute iϕ with Step4: Solve Simultaneous Equations in Standard Form Find the unknown voltage or current

  5. AP4.3a: Find power associated with each source Simultaneous Equations: Passive Sign Convention Solution p50V= p5A= p3 i1=

  6. Super Node

  7. Supernode Circuit with voltage source between two nodes Combine nodes to form a supernode

  8. Fig. 4.13: Voltage Source Between Nodes Step1: Label Nodes Step2: Define Node Voltages

  9. Fig. 4.13: Voltage Source Between Nodes Step3: Write Current Leaving Each Branch At Node 2 Passive Sign Convention At Node 3 Now add them together (or isolate i and equate them) to get Eq.1: Step4: Solve Simultaneous Equations in Standard Form What about Eq. 2?

  10. Alternative: Create a Supernode - Now we can write Eq.1 directly as … - What about Eq. 2?

  11. AP4.5 (create super node): Find v Passive Sign Convention Simultaneous Equations: Solution v=

  12. AP4.6: Find v1 Passive Sign Convention Simultaneous Equations: Solution v1=

  13. AP4.4: Find vo Passive Sign Convention Simultaneous Equations: Solution vo=

  14. Example: Transistor Circuit* *=if time permits Note: When a signal level is low, it can be passed through an amplifier to increase its level. An amplifier can be built from BJT transistor. The following schematic represents a part of the amplifier. See page 98-99 for equations Find Vo if Vcc=15 V, R1=100 kΩ, R2=50 kΩ, Rc=10 kΩ, RE=4.25 kΩ, β=300

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