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Computer Basics

Computer Basics. IBSYS (IBM 7090) OS/360 (IBM 360) TSS/360 (360 mod 67) Michigan Terminal System CP/CMS & VM 370 MULTICS (GE 645) Alto (Xerox PARC) Pilot (Xerox STAR) CP/M IRIX Solaris MVS VxWorks. MACH Apollo DOMAIN Unix (System V & BSD) Apple Mac (v. 1– v. 9) MS-DOS

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Computer Basics

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  1. Computer Basics

  2. IBSYS (IBM 7090) OS/360 (IBM 360) TSS/360 (360 mod 67) Michigan Terminal System CP/CMS & VM 370 MULTICS (GE 645) Alto (Xerox PARC) Pilot (Xerox STAR) CP/M IRIX Solaris MVS VxWorks MACH Apollo DOMAIN Unix (System V & BSD) Apple Mac (v. 1– v. 9) MS-DOS Windows NT, 2000, XP Novell Netware Linux FreeBSD PalmOS PocketPC VxWorks Samples of Operating Systems

  3. Samples of Operating Systems (continue…)

  4. Keyboard Mouse Scanner Modem Input Unit Computer CPU Monitor Printer Modem Output Unit Control Unit ALU Registers Bank Cache Memory Memory Main Memory RAM ROM Secondary Memory HD FD CD Flash TertiaryMemory Tape

  5. Components of a simple personal computer Outsideworld Videocontroller Hard drivecontroller USBcontroller Networkcontroller CPU Computer internals(inside the “box”) Memory

  6. Registers Cache (SRAM) Main memory (DRAM) Magnetic disk Magnetic tape Storage pyramid Capacity Access latency < 1 KB 1 ns Better 1 MB 2–5 ns 1 GB 50 ns 200 GB 5 ms • Goal: really large memory with very low latency • Latencies are smaller at the top of the hierarchy • Capacities are larger at the bottom of the hierarchy • Solution: move data between levels to create illusion of large memory with low latency > 1 TB 50 sec Better

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