World War I A New Kind of War

1. World War IA New Kind of War Chapter 26 section 2

2. Charlie Chaplin

5. Schlieffen Plan • Germany’s plan to avoid a two front war • First phase was to invade France through Neutral Belgium. • Quickly Defeat France before Russia could mobilize

6. By violating the neutrality agreement signed between Belgium & Germany, England declared war on August 4th. • This became known as the “Rape of Belgium” • With Great Britain entering the war on the side of the Allies, Germany was now forced to fight the two front war they had been trying to avoid. • The War becomes a stalemate

8. Nations take Sides • By mid-August 1914, two sides at war throughout Europe • Central Powers—Germany, Austria-Hungary (and other nations) • Allies—Britain, France, Russia (and other nations)

10. Invasion ofFrance • The German army quickly advances towards the outskirts of Paris • Early Sept., 600 Taxies are rushed back and forth to the front lines moving the troops

12. First Battle of the Marne September 5 – 12, 1914 French Soldiers during the battle

13. German soldiers during the 1st Battle of the Marne

14. The French and the British troops are able to hold the Germans at the Marne River • This battle ended Germany’s hope for a quick victory • Both sides will begin to dig deep trenches in order to protect their armies • Battle lines will barely change over the next four years

15. Western Front as of 1916

17. War in the Trenches • Two systems of trenches stretched hundreds of miles, western Europe • Millions of Allied and Central Powers soldiers in trenches of Western Front • Battles result in many deaths, small land gains

21. Life in trenches is miserable, difficult, - Rain produced deep puddles, mud - Lice, rats, bad sanitation constant problems - Removing dead bodies often impossible

25. Over the Top • Soldiers ordered out of trenches to attack enemy • Sprinting across area known as “no-man’s-land” a deadly game • Thousands on both sides died, cut down by enemy guns

29. New Weapons • New technology led to greater numbers being killed more effectively • Neither side able to make significant advances on enemy’s trenches • Each side turned to new weapons like poison gas http://www.history.com/videos/wwi-firsts#wwi-firsts

30. Poison Gas • First used by the Germans, but eventually used by all. • There were different types of gas. Some caused blindness, severe blisters, or death by choking • Value limited, must be careful of the wind • both sides developed gas masks

33. Additional Weapons • Rapid-fire machine guns in wide use • Artillery and high-explosive shells, enormous destructive power

36. Artillery piece of the 320th. Artillery piece,"Cyclone ", and its escort on rail, registered ALPG.32. 9. P.3038. Hogstade. (Belgium September 5th, 1917).

38. Tanks • Tanks pioneered by British and first used in 1916, in the Battle of the Somme • Could cross rough battlefield terrain (no man lands) • But Reliability was a problem

42. Aircraft • Aircraft most useful • At beginning of war, mostly for observation • 1915 Zeppelinswere used to bomb the coast of England • Soon had machine guns, bombs attached • Faster airplanes useful in attacking cities, battlefields

43. Zeppelins

45. Airplanes

48. Germany’s Red Barron: Manfred von Richthofen Is credit for 80 “kills” against the Allies pilots

49. US top ace, Eddie Rickenbacker, with 26 victories. He survived the war.