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Central Nervous System Stimulants

Central Nervous System Stimulants. Living & Dying Harder & Faster in the Night of the Living Dead. CNS Stimulants. Synthetics - pharmaceuticals - illicit mfg Organics - cocaine. Sub-Categories of CNS Stimulants. Pharmaceutical Stimulants. Medical Uses

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Central Nervous System Stimulants

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  1. Central Nervous System Stimulants Living & Dying Harder & Faster in the Night of the Living Dead

  2. CNS Stimulants • Synthetics - pharmaceuticals - illicit mfg • Organics - cocaine Sub-Categories of CNS Stimulants

  3. Pharmaceutical Stimulants Medical Uses 1. control of narcolepsy 2. control of hyperactivity in children 3. prevention of fatigue 4. treatment of mild depression 5. control of appetite

  4. Pharmaceutical Stimulants Medical Uses 6. prevention and treatment of surgical shock 7. treatment of Parkinson's disease 8. blood pressure maintenance during surgery 9. enhance the action of certain analgesic drugs 10. antagonize the effects of certain depressant drugs

  5. Pharmaceutical Stimulants Common Examples • Methamphetamine (Desoxyn, Biphetamine) • weight control • Ritalin (methylphenidate) • ADD • Preludin (phenmetrazine) • weight control • Cylert (pemoline) • ADD

  6. Pharmaceutical Stimulants Common Antagonist Examples • Eskatrol • stimulant & depressant combo • Dexamyl • stimulant & depressant combo

  7. Illicitly Manufactured Stimulants • Amphetamine Sulfate • Methamphetamine (speed, crank) • P2P Methods (DL Meth) • Ephedrine Methods (D Meth)

  8. Methamphetamine Ephedrine Methods • Crystal Meth • Ephedrine • Red Phosphorus • Hydriotic Acid • Ice

  9. Methamphetamine Clan Lab Safety Considerations • Do NOT • turn anything on or off • transport chemicals • handle contaminated items

  10. Methamphetamine Clan Lab Safety Considerations • DO • call a supervisor • call narcs • fire dept. standing by, if needed • call Haz Mat team

  11. Methamphetamine • Powder • tan, brown, white, pink, ????

  12. Methamphetamine • Rock • tan, brown, white, pink, ????

  13. Methamphetamine • Rock • tan, brown, white, pink, ????

  14. Methamphetamine • Rock • tan, brown, white, pink, ????

  15. Methamphetamine Methods of Ingestion • Inhaled • Injected

  16. Methamphetamine Methods of Ingestion • Smoked • Oral

  17. Methamphetamine • Liquid • light amber, dark amber, black

  18. Methamphetamine Crystal Meth • Ice

  19. Organic Stimulants • Caffeine • Nicotine • Adrenaline • Cocaine

  20. Cocaine • Coca leaf • Mountains of Bolivia, Peru, Colombia • Chewing, Medical Use, Illicit Use • semi-lengthy mfg process

  21. Forms of Illicit Cocaine 1) Cocaine HCL (powder form)

  22. Forms of Illicit Cocaine 1) Cocaine HCL (powder form)

  23. Forms of Illicit Cocaine 1) Cocaine HCL (powder form)

  24. Forms of Illicit Cocaine 1) Cocaine HCL (powder form)

  25. Forms of Illicit Cocaine 1) Cocaine HCL (snorted, injected)

  26. Forms of Illicit Cocaine 2) Base Cocaine • Free Base • Rock • Crack

  27. Forms of Illicit Cocaine 2) Base Cocaine • Free Base • Rock • Crack

  28. Forms of Illicit Cocaine 2) Base Cocaine (smoked)

  29. CNS Stimulants Possession for Sale • quantity • what does a user normally possess/use? • paraphernalia • scales ... • cut ... • packaging … • pays & owes ...

  30. CNS Stimulants Signs & Symptoms - aggressive - euphoria meth sores - inattention - sweating - paranoia

  31. CNS Stimulants Signs & Symptoms Dopamine & Norepinephrine - restlessness - anxiety - hyperactive - bruxism - irritable - tremors - misperceive time & distance

  32. CNS Stimulants Signs & Symptoms - Cortisone immune system, healing, stress - Histamines itching, allergy-like symptoms

  33. CNS Stimulants Signs & Symptoms white tongue if stimulant smoked

  34. CNS Stimulants Evidence of Smoking Cocaine burnt/blistered thumb/fingers, lips

  35. CNS Stimulants Evidence of Smoking Cocaine blackened gums

  36. CNS Stimulants Signs & Symptoms (High Dose or Low Tolerance) hallucinations extreme paranoia coma convulsions violence death

  37. CNS Stimulants Binging meth psychosis cocaine psychosis Chemically induced 5150’s! ! BEWARE !

  38. CNS Stimulants • Addiction • Chemical Dependency • Tolerance • Overdose

  39. Onset of the Effects of Cocaine(in seconds)

  40. Duration of the Effects of Cocaine(in minutes) Warning !

  41. Cocaine Toxicology • Blood • metabolite: 3-5 hours • Urine • metabolite: 36-48 hours

  42. Onset of the Effects of Meth(in seconds)

  43. Duration of the Effects of Methamphetamine(in HOURS)

  44. Methamphetamine Toxicology • Blood • while they are under the influence • Urine • 36-48 hours

  45. CNS Stimulants Difference between … CocaineMethamphetamine - anesthetic - not an anesthetic - short duration - longer duration - users convert - users try to mfg.

  46. CNS Stimulant Evaluation 1) Preliminary Observations - Medical Questions - General Observations: hyper, sweaty, dilated pupils, paranoia, … 2) Eye Exams HGN: No VGN: No LOC: No

  47. CNS Stimulant Evaluation 3) Pulse UP! 4) Divided Attention Tests Romberg: Fast Heel to Toe: Fast/Impaired One Leg Stand: Fast/Impaired Finger to Nose: Fast/Impaired

  48. CNS Stimulant Evaluation 5) Pupil Examination • Room Light: Dilated (Mydriasis) • Near Total Darkness: Dilated • Indirect Light: Dilated • Direct Light: Slow Reaction - Hippus: No - Rebound: Cocaine

  49. CNS Stimulant Evaluation 6) Methods of Ingestion Nasal Cavity: possible debris Oral Cavity: possible debris Injection Sites: possibly present Burnt fingers: Cocaine Burnt lips/tongue: Cocaine

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