Chapters 1 & 2 Stats Start Here & Data

1. Chapters 1 & 2Stats Start Here & Data In these chapters, we will introduce some of the basic terminology and ideas of statistics.

2. Statistics is the study of variation that occurs in the real, imperfect world in which we live. Definitions

3. Statistics is the study of variation that occurs in the real, imperfect world in which we live. Descriptive Statistics is about analyzing and summarizing data. This can be done with charts, graphs and/or numerical analysis. Definitions

4. Statistics is the study of variation that occurs in the real, imperfect world in which we live. Descriptive Statistics is about analyzing and summarizing data. This can be done with charts, graphs and/or numerical analysis. Inferential Statistics is about taking the results from analysis of a sample and using them to make inferences about the population from which the sample came. Definitions

5. The population is the collection of all individuals/objects about which we’d like to understand or gather information. A sample is any subset of the population. This is what is actually studied. Definitions

6. The characteristics recorded about each individual in the study/sample are variables. Definitions

7. The characteristics recorded about each individual in the study/sample are variables. When a variable answers questions about how observations fall into certain categories, it’s called a categorical or qualitativevariable. Such a variable typically has no units. Its value is observed, not measured. Definitions

8. The characteristics recorded about each individual in the study/sample are variables. When a variable answers questions about the value of some measurable quantity, it’s called a quantitative variable. Such a variable typically has unitsand is measured. Definitions

9. We will think of data as any collection of numbers, characteristics, images, or other items that provide information about something. Definitions

10. We will think of data as any collection of numbers, characteristics, images, or other items that provide information about something. In a statistical study, the “Five W’s” will be of interest to us: Who: the sample from which data is collected What: what data is collected; what variables are recorded Where When Why: what is the goal of the knowledge gained? Definitions

11. For the scenario described below, identify the “W’s”. For each variable, state whether it is categorical or quantitative. If it is quantitative, give the units. The Gallop Poll conducted a representative telephone survey of 1180 American voters during the first quarter of 2007. Among the reported results were the voter’s region (northwest, south, etc.), age, party affiliation, and whether or not the person voted in the 2006 midterm congressional election. Example 1

12. For the scenario described below, identify the “W’s”. For each variable, state whether it is categorical or quantitative. If it is quantitative, give the units. Business analysts hoping to provide information helpful to American grape growers compiled these data about 20 vineyards: size (acres), number of years in existence, state, varieties of grapes grown, average case price ($), and gross sales ($). Example 2