Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns

1. Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns

2. What are direct and indirect objects? • There are two types of objects • Direct Objects • Indirect Objects • We are going to use the following sentence as a model for the rest of the lesson: • Jorge threw the ball to Juan.

3. Direct Objects • Direct objects DIRECTLY receive the action of the verb. • Direct objects answer the question what or whom. • Let’s go back to our model: • Jorge threw the ball to Juan. • What did Jorge throw? • The ball! The ball is the direct object.

4. Direct Objects—Continued! • Try the following: • Juanita wrote a letter to her Grandma. • Direct object: a letter • Marcos read books to his sister. • Direct object: books • The teacher teaches Spanish to his students. • Direct object: Spanish

5. Direct Object Pronouns • Direct object pronouns replace direct objects. • In English the direct object pronouns are: me, you, it, him, her, us, them. • Let’s go back to our sentence: • Jorge threw the ball to Juan. • Direct object: the ball • Pronoun to replace the ball: it • Jorge threw it to him.

6. Spanish Direct Object Pronouns • The direct object pronouns in Spanish are: • Me (me) • Te (you [tú]) • Lo (him/you [ud.]/it—masculine, singular) • La (her/you [ud.]/it—feminine, singular) • Nos (us) • Os (you—vosotros form) • Los (them/you [uds.]—masculine plural) • Las (them/you [uds.]—feminine plural) • There are two rules you must follow when using object pronouns in Spanish: • Object pronouns must agree with the noun they are replacing • Object pronouns go before the conjugated verb.

7. Spanish Direct Object Pronouns—Continued!! • Let’s translate our sentence into Spanish: • Jorge threw the ball to Juan. • Jorge lanzó la pelota a Juan. • If ball is the direct object in English, what is the direct object in Spanish: • La pelota • La pelota is feminine singular, therefore we must use LA to replace la pelota. • Remember, in Spanish, object pronouns go before the verb.

8. ¡Una frase nueva! Jorge lanzó a Juan. Jorge lanzó a Juan. Jorge lanzó a Juan. la pelota (la) la

9. ¡A ustedes! • Juanita escribió una carta a su abuelita. • Juanita la escribió a su abuelita. • Marcos leyó unos libros a su hermana. • Marcos los leyó a su hermana. • El profesor enseña el español a sus estudiantes. • El profesor lo enseña a sus estudiantes.

10. Indirect Objects • Indirect objects INDIRECTLY receive the action of the verb. • Indirect objects answer the question to whom. • Let’s go back to our model: • Jorge threw the ball to Juan. • To whom did Jorge throw? • Juan! Juan is the indirect object.

11. Indirect Objects—Continued! • Try the following: • Juanita wrote a letter to her Grandma. • Indirect object: her Grandma • Marcos read books to his sister. • Indirect object: his sister • The teacher teaches Spanish to his students. • Indirect object: his students

12. Indirect Object Pronouns • Indirect object pronouns replace indirect objects. • In English the indirect object pronouns are: to me, to you, to him, to her, to us, to them. • Let’s go back to our sentence: • Jorge threw the ball to Juan. • Indirect object: Juan • Pronoun to replace Juan: him • Jorge threw the ball to him.

13. Spanish Indirect Object Pronouns • The indirect object pronouns in Spanish are: • Me (me) • Te (you [tú]) • Le (him/her/you [ud.]) • Nos (us) • Os (you—vosotros form) • Les (them/you [uds.]) • REMEMBER--There are two rules you must follow when using object pronouns in Spanish: • Object pronouns must agree with the noun they are replacing • Object pronouns go before the conjugated verb. • NOTE: In English, we leave the word “to” in the sentence. In Spanish, the indirect object pronoun replaces “a” and the person!

14. Spanish Indirect Object Pronouns—Continued!! • Let’s translate our sentence into Spanish: • Jorge threw the ball to Juan. • Jorge lanzó la pelota a Juan. • If Juan is the indirect object in English, what is the indirect object in Spanish: • A Juan • Juan is masculine singular and there is only way to say both him or her in Spanish, therefore we must use LE to replace a Juan. • Even if you keep the indirect object in the sentence, you still need an indirect object pronoun

15. ¡Una frase nueva! Jorge lanzó la pelota Jorge lanzó la pelota Jorge lanzó la pelota. a Juan. (le). le

16. ¡A Ustedes! • Juanita escribióunacarta a suabuelita. • Juanita le escribióunacarta (a suabuelita). • Marcos leyóunoslibros a suhermana. • Marcos le leyóunoslibros (a suhermana). • El profesorenseña el español a susestudiantes. • El profesor les enseña el español (a susestudiantes).

17. Object pronouns with commands • With affirmative commands, the pronoun is added onto the end and an accent is added • Julia, describe tucomunidad. • Julia, descríbela • Enrique, explícaletupunto de vista a Raquel. • Enrique, explícaselo

18. Object pronouns with commands • With negative commands, the pronouns go before the command • No me digas la respuesta. • No me la digas. • When you are using a reflexive verb with an object pronoun, the reflexive pronoun is first • Ponte lasbotas. • Póntelas. • No tepongaslasbotas. • No telaspongas.

19. ¡Fin!