Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns

1. Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns When, why and how

2. Pronoun - - a definition • A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. Pronouns can be in one of three cases: Subject, Object, or Possessive

3. Direct Object Pronouns

4. Direct Objects Pronouns

5. What is a direct object? • It is the object that receives the action of the verb • A direct object can be a person or a thing • It answers the question: “What” or “Whom” with regard to what the subject of the sentence is doing.

6. Ejemplos Tito vendió el carro. “What” did Tito sell? elcarro Therefore “el carro” is the direct object. Tania pateó Martín. “Whom” did Tania kick?Martín Therefore “Martín” is the direct object.

7. Indirect Object Pronouns

8. Indirect Objects Pronouns

9. What is an indirect object? • It is the person that receives the direct object • A direct object is a person • It answers the question: “To whom” or “For whom” the action of the verb is performed.

10. Ejemplos Mamádio la carta a Marco. “To whom” did Mamá give the letter? Marco Therefore “Marco” is the indirect object. Enrique compróflorespara Anita. “For whom” did Enrique buy flowers? Anita Therefore “Anita” is the indirect object.

11. Placement

12. Direct Objects Affirmative sentences with ONE verb: Pablo come vegetales. ¿Qué come Pablo? Vegetales Therefore, vegetales is the direct object. It is masculine and plural, so its pronoun is “los”. The pronoun is placed before the verb.Pablo los come.

13. Direct Objects Negative sentences with ONE verb: Pablo no come vegetales.Pablo no los come. Pablo nunca come los vegetales.Pablo nunca los come.

14. Direct Objects Affirmative sentences with TWO verbs: In an affirmative sentence with two verbs, the first verb is conjugated and the second stays in the infinitive form. There are two possiblitiels: Place the pronoun before the first verb. Puedesbeberla leche.Lapuedesbeber. b) Add the pronoun to the second verb, the infinitive. Puedesbeberla.

15. Direct Objects Negative sentences with TWO verbs: In an negative sentence with two verbs, the first verb is conjugated and the second stays in the infitive form. There are two possiblitiels: a) Place the pronoun between the word “no” (or other negative words) and the first verb. No lapuedesbeber. b) Add the pronoun to the second verb, the infinitive. No puedesbeberla.

16. Direct Objects To emphasize or contrast direct object pronouns that refer to a person, add a phrase using “a” with the personal pronoun. ¿Conocesa David y a Victoria?Loconozcoaél, pero no aella.

17. Direct Objects In the progressive tense (ING FORMS) there are two possibilities for placing the pronoun: a) Place the pronoun before the verb “estar”. Estoyleyendoel nuevolibro de Gabriel GarcíaMárquez.Loestoyleyendo. b) Add the pronoun to the gerund. Estoyleyéndolo.

18. Direct Objects When constructing an affirmative command, attach the pronoun to the end of the verb. Add an accent on the appropriate syllable unless it is a command that is a single syllable. Ponla correspondenciaen la mesa por favor.Ponlaen la mesa por favor. Comprala leche hoy por la tarde.Cómpralahoy por la tarde.

19. Direct Objects When constructing a negative command, place the pronoun between the word “no” (or other negative words) and the command. Nopongasla correspondencia en la mesa.No lapongas en la mesa, por favor.

20. Indirect Objects When two pronouns are in the same setnence, both should be placed before the verb. The first pronoun is the indirect object pronoun followed by the direct object. IO + DO + Verb

21. Indirect Objects Indirect object pronouns “le” and “les” change to “se” when they are placed along side the direct object pronouns: lo, la, los and las. Romeo escribeun poema a Julieta.Romeo se loescribe.

22. Indirect Objects If two pronouns are attached to an infinitive, an accent should be added to the appropriate syllable. Pedro quieredarla noticia a Gabriela.Pedro quieredársela.

23. ¡Vamos a practicar!

24. Práctica Maríaenvíaunacarta a Pablo. Objetodirecto: Objetoindirecto: unacarta Pablo Marta se la envía.

25. Práctica Ana compró un regalopara Ben. Objetodirecto: Objetoindirecto: un regalo Ben Ana se lo compró.

26. Práctica José dio un beso a Emilia. Objetodirecto: Objetoindirecto: un beso Emilia José se lo dio.