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Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns

Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns. Capítulo 3. Pronombres de complemento directo y pronombres de complemento indirecto. D irect O bject Pronouns.

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Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns

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  1. Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns Capítulo 3 Pronombres de complemento directo y pronombres de complemento indirecto.

  2. Direct Object Pronouns • The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question “what?” or “whom?” The DO can be an object or a person. • I see Mary. • Whom do you see? Mary. • Bill hit theball. • What did Bill hit? The ball. • Sherry reads thebook. • What does Sherry read? The book.

  3. I see Mary. Bill hit the ball. Sherry reads the book. I see her. Bill hit it. Sherry reads it. You may substitute DO pronouns for the DO in the sentence

  4. me (me) te (you) lo (him, you (s. m.), it) la (her, you (s. f.), it) nos (us) os (you, fam. pl.) los ( them, you (pl. m.) las (them, you (pl. f.) Spanish DO Pronouns

  5. The DO pronoun goes immediately before a conjugated verb. • ¿Ves la colonia? • ¿ La ves? • Jorge compra las revistas. • Jorge las compra. • Juan come la sopa. • Juan la come.

  6. We know that DO pronouns must appear immediately before a conjugated verb. The situation is different, however, when there is an infinitive or a present participle (gerund). In these cases, the object pronoun may follow and be attached to the infinitive or the present participle, or it may also go immediately before the conjugated verb. Note that when you add a DO pronoun to a present participle, you must write an accent to indicate where the stress originally fell prior to the addition of the pronoun. • Infinitives: • Claudia debe comprar el libro. • Claudia debe comprarlo. • Claudia lo debe comprar. • Present Participles (gerunds) • Claudia está comprandoel libro. • Claudia está comprándolo. • Claudia lo está comprando.

  7. Remember that the negative words go immediately before a verb unless there is an object pronoun, in which case no goes before the object pronoun. Claudia no compra el libro. Claudia nolo compra. Claudia no debe comprar el libro. Claudia no debe comprarlo. Claudia nolodebe comprar. Claudia no está comprandoel libro. Claudia no está comprándolo. Claudia nolo está comprando.

  8. Third person singular and plural DO pronouns agree in gender and quantity with the noun that they substitute. • Escribo las cartas. • Las escribo. • Compro el libro. • Lo compro. • Concepción lee el periódico. • Concepción lo lee. • Rafael vende los libros. • Raphael los vende. • Berta bebe la leche. • Berta la bebe.

  9. Translating • I eat the soup.  Yo como la sopa. • This one works! • I eat it.  Yo la como. • This one doesn’t work. • Yo como la.  I it eat.

  10. Learn to translate groups of words, rather than individual words. • la como  I eat it. • los como  I eat them. • la leo  I read it. • lo leo  I read it. • las veo  I see them. • lo veo  I see it. • la compro  I buy it. • los compro  I buy them.

  11. ¡Vamos a Practicar! • Paquito pasó la aspiradora ayer. • Paquito la pasó ayer. • Tú llenaste el tanque del coche. • Tú lo llenaste. • Yo envié las tarjetas a la tía. • Yo las enviéa la tía. • He sees us. • El nos ve. • They (m) do not need it (money). • Ellos no lo necesitan.

  12. Indirect Object Pronouns • Indirect object normally occur with verbs of communication and verbs of giving and transmitting. IO pronouns answer the questions to whom? or for whom? • To whom are you speaking? • I am speaking to Mary. • To Maryis the IO. • For whom are you buying the book? • I am buying the book for Mary. • For Maryis the IO.

  13. Indirect objects may be substituted by indirect object pronouns. • I am speaking to Mary. • I am speaking to her. • I am buying the book for Mary. • I am buying the book for her.

  14. In some cases in English there is no “to” or “for” phrase to identify the IO pronoun. In these cases, you must rephrase the sentence to uncover the “hidden” IO. • I send Paulthe money. = I send the moneyto Paul. • I give himthe book. = I give the book to him. • I show themthe gift.-I show the gift to them.

  15. me (to/for me) te (to/for you) le (to/for him, to/for her, to/for you (F. s.) nos (to/for us) os (to/for you (fam.pl) les (to/for them, to/for you (F. pl.) Indirect Object Pronouns The familiar plural form os, corresponding to vosotros, is used only in Spain. In Hispanic America, les is used as the plural of te. Les is the form that will be used in class and the text.

  16. IO pronouns agree in number to which they refer. There is no gender agreement. • Leacabo de dar un abrazo. (al niño, a la niña)

  17. The IO pronoun is normally used even when the IO noun is expressed. These form are called redundant or repetitive object pronouns and have no equivalent in English. • Ledoy el libro a él. ( I give the book to him.) • Lesescribo una carta a los periodistas. 3rd person

  18. IO pronouns follow the same rules of placement as the DO. • Quiero decirlela verdad a ella. • Le quiero decir la verdad a ella. • Estoy mandándolesel paquete a ellos. • Les estoy mandando el paquete a ellos.

  19. Negatives • No le doy el libro a él. • No quiero decirlela verdad a ella. • Nole quiero decir la verdad a ella. • No estoy escribiéndoles la carta a ellos. • Noles estoy escribiendio la carta a ellos.

  20. DO Practica • Voy a practicar deportes. • Los voy a practicar. • Voy a practicarlos. • Vamos a hacer una apuesta. • La vamos a hacer. • Vamos a hacerla. • No quiero perder mi dinero. • No lo quiero perder. • No quiero perderlo.

  21. Practica – D/O • I need you (Ud.) now. - Lo/La necesito ahora. • We bought them (f). - Las compramos. • They love me. - Me aman/quieren. • They see us. - Nos ven.

  22. IO Practica • ______ dio el dinero. (al empleado) • Le • ______ envió una tarjeta postal. (a mí) • Me • ______ reciclan las botellas. (a nosotros) • Nos • ______ repartimos los juguetes. (a los niños) • Les

  23. Practica – I/O • I wrote you (tú) the letter. • Te escribí la carta. • Lynda prepares lunchfor her. • Lynda le prepara el almuerzo. • They always ask me many questions. • Ellos siempre me hacen muchas preguntas.

  24. Double Object pronounsWhen both a DO and and IO are used together in a sentence, the IO PRECEDES the DO. • Te traigo la lista ahora. • I’ll bring youthe list now. • Tela traigoahora. • I’ll bring itto you now.

  25. The IOle (to you, to her, to him) and les(to you, to them) changes to se when they appear with the DOlo, los, la, las. • El periodista les dio el nombre del patrocinador. • The jounalist gave themthe name of the sponsor. • El periodista selo dio. • The journalist gave itto them.

  26. As with single object pronouns, double object pronouns may be attached to an infinitive or to a present participle. In this case the order of the pronouns is maintained and an accent is added to the stressed vowel. They may also be placed before the conjugated verb. • Sí, está preparándonosla. • Sí, nosla está preparando. • Quiero comprártelo • Telo quiero comprar.

  27. Practica – D/O e I/O • Tomás trae / los paquetes / a nosotros. • Tomás noslos trae. • Él compra / los vegetales / a su tía. • Él selos compra. • Ronnie lee /el periódico / a nosotros. • Ronnie noslo lee.

  28. Think backwards… • Noslo trae. • Él/Ella/Ud. trae (el té) a nosotros. • Tela prepara. • Él/Ella/ Ud. prepara (la sopa) a ti. • Selo da. • Él/Ella/ Ud. le da (un libro) a ella, a él, a Ud.

  29. íMás practica! • Me dijeron los motivos. • Melos dijeron. • Le hemos puesto los zapatos. • Selos hemos puesto. • Te apagaré la televisión. • Tela apagaré • Estará bajándomeel equipaje. • Estará bajándomelo.

  30. Escriben los usando el futuro: ir + a + infinitivo • Mela traen. • Mela van a traer. • Van a traérmela. • Selos hacemos. • Selos vamos a hacer. • Vamos a hacérselos. • Selas sirve. • Selas va a servir. • Va a servírselas

  31. Rita prepara / un té tailandés / para mí. • Rita melo prepara. • Mi peluquera prepara / el tinte / para mí • Mi peluquera melo prepara.

  32. Use the personal a • When the DO is a specific person or persons an a precedes the noun. • Remember: a + el = al • El periodista entrevistó ala primera dama. • El partido político seleccionó alcandidato para presidente.

  33. The personal a is required before every specific human DO in a series, and before the indefinite expressions nadie and alguien. • La organización ayuda tanto alos padres como alos niños. • Después de la reunión no encontramos a nadieen el salón.

  34. Use the personal a when the interrogative quién(es) requests information about the DO. • ¿A quiénes están cargando los hombres?

  35. Direct Object Pronouns with Commands • With negative commands (mandatos) the pronoun precedes the command. • No subas las escaleras. ¡No las subas! • With affirmative commands, attach the pronoun to the command. • Llama a Juanita. ¡Llámala!

  36. Vamos a Practicar • Compra los ingredientes. • Cómpralos • No gastes dinero inútilmente. • No lo gastes inútilmente. • Laven las papas. • Lávenlas. • Fríe la cebolla. • Fríela.

  37. No quemes el arroz. • No lo quemes. • Guarden las botellas. • Guárdenlas. • Baja la llama. • Bájala.

  38. Practica – D/O, Commands • Tell the truth. Tell it now! • Di la verdad. ¡Dila ahora! • Put the bottles in the trash. Put them (there) now! (Ud.) • Ponga Ud. las botellas en la basura ahora. ¡Póngalas! • Buy the magazine. Buy it! (Uds.) • Compren la revista. ¡Cómprenla!

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