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Delve into the interplay of psychology and music from Descartes to modern times, investigating axiomatic rules, frequency ratios, and iconic compositions like Beethoven's "Appassionata." Learn about musical notation nuances, MIDI technology, and historical tuning systems, unraveling the essence of musical harmony and expression. Discover the mathematical beauty within musical intervals and Euler's groundbreaking theories, shaping the evolution of musical composition. Explore the intricacies of counterpoint and the quest for musical perfection through historical perspectives and contemporary innovations.
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II.3 Mental Reality II.3.1 (Tu Sept 17) Beyond physics and psychology
René Descartes: compendium musicae (1618) 1596-1650 psychological foundation of music: 8 axiomatic rules e.g. music must be simple to please the soul...
Ludwig van Beethovenop. 57 „Appassionata“ • Vladimir Horowitz • Glenn Gould
M.C. Escher: Balcony
Tempo (e.g. M.M. ♩= 120) e(E) e E T(E) = (de/dE)-1 [♩ /min] slope
notation: white keys = C-major scale 1 1/2 1/4 1/8 1/16 1/32
tuning!!! MusicalInstrumentDigitalInterface MIDI: pitch symbols 0,1,2,... 127
modern: frequency ratios in 12-tempered tuning 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
very old: frequency ratios in Pythagorean tuning (2-, 3-based) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
45/32 = 2-5.32.51 classical: frequency ratios in just tuning 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
10/ Plomp & Levelt 1965 1707-1783 counterpoint interval Leonhard Euler‘s gradus suavitatis function (2e.3f.5g) = 1 + (2-1)|e| + (3-1)|f| + (5-1)|g| = 1 + |e| + 2|f| + 4|g| Euler‘ssubstitution theory ? 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11