1 / 23

DICOM D igital I maging Co mmunications in M edicine

DICOM D igital I maging Co mmunications in M edicine. Communication Protocols: Key to Connectivity. Layered Model, each layer performs a specific function Set of Services and Protocols Connectivity requires sharing of a complete protocol

catherineedwards
Download Presentation

DICOM D igital I maging Co mmunications in M edicine

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. DICOMDigital Imaging Communicationsin Medicine

  2. Communication Protocols: Key to Connectivity • Layered Model, each layer performs a specific function • Set of Services and Protocols • Connectivity requires sharing of a complete protocol • Communication requires a shared Semantic Context

  3. ISO Reference Model File Transfer, E-mail, HTTP APPLICATION Upper Layers (DICOM) Data Formatting, Compression,Encryption PRESENTATION Synchronization,Comm. Management SESSION End-to-End communication TRANSPORT Internetworking NETWORK Lower Layers LLC DATA LINK MAC Ethernet, FDDI, etc. PHYSICAL Fiber, Coax, UTP, µWave

  4. Communication Standards • Protocols are defined by standards • A Standard is an agreement which may be voluntary, Government mandated, or International Law • Protocols may also be proprietary

  5. Who Defines Communication Standards? • User Consortia (e.g., HL7) • Organizations (e.g., NEMA, IEEE) • US Government Agencies (e.g., ANSI, NIST) • Foreign Government Agencies (e.g., CEN) • United Nations (e.g., ISO, CCITT)

  6. ACR-NEMA • 1982 - ACR and NEMA form a joint committee • 1985 - Publication of Version 1.0 • 1988 - Compression and Mag Tape Standards • 1988 - Publication of Version 2.0 • 1989 - Began work on Network Version with HIS/RIS

  7. DICOM • The name was changed to separate the standard from the originating body • 1991 - Release of Parts 1 and 8 of DICOM • 1992 - RSNA demonstration, Part 8 • 1993 - DICOM Parts 1-9 approved, RSNA demonstration of ALL parts • 1994 - Part 10: Media Storage and File Format • 1995 - Parts 11,12, and 13 plus Supplements

  8. The Parts of the DICOM Standard • Part 1 - Introduction and Overview • Part 2 - Conformance • Part 3 - Information Object Definitions • Part 4 - Service Class Definitions • Part 5 - Data Structures & Semantics • Part 6 - Data Element Listing and Typing • Part 7 - Message Exchange Protocol • Part 8 - Network Support for Message Exchange • Part 9 - Point-to-Point Support

  9. The Parts of the DICOM Standard • Part 10 - Media Storage and File Format • Part 11 - Media Storage Application Profiles • Part 12 - Media Formats and Physical Media • Part 13 - Print Management Point-to-Point

  10. LiteBox MAGN ETOM DICOM Application Domain Storage, Query/Retrieve, Study Component Print Management Query/Retrieve Results Management Media Exchange Query/Retrieve, Patient & Study Management Information Management System

  11. Summary of DICOM Features • NETWORK PROTOCOL • DICOM incorporates negotiation to permit nodes to agree on the functions to be performed • MESSAGE ENCODING • DICOM defines 24 data types (V2.0 had 4) • DICOM message encoding includes JPEG compression (17 varients) • DICOM includes encapsulated image and multi-frame syntaxes • DICOM supports multiple character repertoires

  12. Summary of DICOM Features • OBJECT DATA MODEL • DICOM is based on a completely specified data model • DICOM includes a robust UID mechanism • DATA DICTIONARY • DICOM includes a large number of new data elements • SERVICE CLASSES • DICOM defines classes of service for specific applications (e.g. image management, printing) and conformance levels

  13. Summary of DICOM Features • Off-Line Media Support • DICOM defines a directory structure and media profiles • CONFORMANCE • DICOM requires conformance statements and contains detailed conformance requirements

  14. DICOM Terminology • DICOM Message Service Element (DIMSE)- The set of DICOM Application Layer communication services. • DIMSE Service Group (DSG) - A subset of the full DIMSE services which is applicable to a specific IOD. • Information Object Definition (IOD) - A data abstraction of a class of real-world objects. A collection of related attributes (data elements).

  15. DICOM Terminology • Service Class- A set of functionality relating to a single type or real-world activity. Composed of a set of SOP Classes plus rules and associated semantics. • Service-Object-Pair Class (SOP) - The atomic unit of DICOM functionality. Composed of an IOD and a DIMSE Service Group plus restrictions or extensions of the IOD. (Equivalent to an Object Class)

  16. Service-Object Pair Class Data Dictionary DIMSE Service Group Information Object SOP Real-World Object

  17. DICOM Service Classes • Composite • Verification • Storage • Query/Retrieve • Study Content Notification • Normalized • Patient Management • Study Management • Results Management • Basic Print Management

  18. Conformance • DICOM Part 2 specifies the structure of a conformance statement • DICOM does not specify a test suite or a compliance verification mechanism • All DICOM implementations must be supported by a properly constructed conformance statement

  19. DICOM Conformance Statement • Implementation Model which describes the Application Entities in the implementation • Detailed specification of Application Entities • SOP Classes supported • policies for initiation and acceptance of associations • Presentation Contexts • SOP options • Supported communications protocols • Specializations • Configuration

  20. Purpose of a Conformance Statement • Allow a user to determine which optional components of the DICOM Standard are supported by a particular implementation, and what extensions or specializations an implementation adds. • By comparing the Conformance Statements from two implementations, a knowledgeable user should be able to determine whether or not interoperability is possible.

  21. DICOM Conformance Testing • No Formal Mechanism is Defined in the Standard • Committee for the Advancement of DICOM • Define initial test plan and cross-connect matrix • Future RFP for organization to monitor the process • Problem: How to Map DICOM Conformance Statements into Test Plans

  22. The DICOM Explosion • Joint CEN-DICOM development • Medicom = DICOM • MIPS 95 work is underway with JIRA • IS&C Harmonization is also in progress • HL7 Harmonization continuing interest • New DICOM organization • Companies: NEMA and non-NEMA • ACR, ACC, CAP, ... • individuals

  23. Summary • Networking is a critical component of all medical imaging systems • Support for Open Communication Standards is a MUST • DICOM is here, NOW • DICOM products exist on the market • DICOM is emerging as THE common protocol for medical image communication - WORLD WIDE!

More Related