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HEXOSE METABOLISM

HEXOSE METABOLISM. AJI SUTRISNO FOOD SCIENCE AND TECH UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA. Common Hexoses. Sources of Sugars. Glucose: lactose (dairy products) and sucrose (table sugar) Fructose: fruits and sucrose Galactose: lactose Mannose: polysaccharides and glycoproteins.

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HEXOSE METABOLISM

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  1. HEXOSE METABOLISM AJI SUTRISNO FOOD SCIENCE AND TECH UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA

  2. Common Hexoses

  3. Sources of Sugars • Glucose: lactose (dairy products) and sucrose (table sugar) • Fructose: fruits and sucrose • Galactose: lactose • Mannose: polysaccharides and glycoproteins

  4. Fructose Metabolism

  5. Sucrose(Table Sugar) O-a-D-Glucopyranosyl-(1—> 2)-b-D-Fructofuranoside

  6. All Tissues

  7. Cleavage of Sucrose(a-glucosidase or invertase)

  8. Mutarotation of Fructose

  9. Muscle Metabolism of Fructose(Anaerobic Glycolysis)Large Amounts of Hexokinase

  10. Liver Metabolism of Fructose I(Little Hexokinase)

  11. Liver Metabolism of Fructose II

  12. Mechanism of Aldolase(Formation of Schiff Base)

  13. Mechanism of Aldolase(Aldol Cleavage Reaction)

  14. Mechanism of Aldolase(Formation of Dihydroxyacetone-P)

  15. Liver Metabolism of Fructose III

  16. Complexity of Liver Metabolism Breakdown of Many Metabolites

  17. Fructose Intolerance • Too Much Fructose • Fructose-1-P Aldolaseis rate-limiting • Depletion of Pi • Reduction in [ATP] • Increase in glycolysis • Accumulation of lactate (acid) in blood • Fructose-1-P Aldolase Deficiency (Genetic Disease)

  18. Galactose Metabolism

  19. Lactose Metabolism(Dairy Products)

  20. Mutarotation of b-D-Galactose

  21. Glycolytic Enzymes are specific and do not recognize galactose!

  22. Need Epimerization

  23. Phosphorylation of Galactose

  24. Activation of Galactose

  25. Epimerization of UDP-Galactose

  26. Mechanism of Epimerization

  27. Why UDP-Galactose? Glycoproteins Glycolipids (Require UDP-Galactose)

  28. Formation of Glucose-1-P

  29. Formation of Glucose-6-P Glucose-6-P ——> Glycolysis

  30. Galactosemia(Mental Retardation and Death) Treatment Galactose-free diet (reversal of all symptoms except mental retardation)

  31. Cataracts

  32. Mannose Metabolism

  33. Phosphorylation of Mannose

  34. Isomerization of Mannose-6-P

  35. THANK YOU

  36. Mechanism of Isomerization

  37. Aldoses and Ketoses

  38. Mutarotation of Glucose

  39. Mutarotation of Fructose

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