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Counter-Urbanization is a centrifugal process where people move away from cities towards towns/villages beyond the city limits, driven by factors such as seeking a simpler life and better services. This trend started in the 1940s post-WW2 and has continued into the 21st century, impacting urban and rural areas differently with varying consequences.
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What is it? Counter- Urbanization : is a centrifugal process where people move away from cities towards towns/villages beyond the city limits. For example : moving from Houston to Katy or Fulshear.
When has it taken place? This type of urbanization started to take place in the 1940s after World War 2 , and started to reverse itself from the 1990s onwards.
Why has it taken place? • More jobs in mining, forestry and other rural-related jobs • More people leaving the city for rural areas and small towns when they retire. • People are attracted to the services that they can get from those non-metro areas, and in many cases they can be the same as a metropolitan area, or more options, e.g malls in the suburbs, restaurants • People are attracted to the more simple life, free from business, hectic atmosphere, traffic congestion, pollution. • Increased car ownerships; people will travel by car into urban areas for work, also with improvement of roads and motorways • Safe, pleasant environment, low crime.
What are the impacts ? • Villages themselves become suburbanised known as 'Suburbanised Villages' • New homes and houses have to be built on greenfield • Higher congestion • Offers jobs to local residents • Cities can shrink in size • Countryside homes can be used as a '2nd home' or 'holiday home' and therefore are unoccupied for the majority of the year • Smaller, local businesses cannot compete • Less people use local transport, bad for people like elderly Fulshear has surpassed a population of 5,000 and are struggling with traffic congestion due to a growing population that is moving to Fulshear. However the community leaders are looking forward to this new growth as they are investing $184 millions dollars to improving transportation and mobility for the people to come .