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Postclassic Priod Mesoamerica 900-1500 CE

Postclassic Priod Mesoamerica 900-1500 CE. WHAP 2013. Postclassic Period. Time of population growth Intensification of agriculture Increased warfare and size of armies Development of political institutions that controlled large territories Toltecs and Aztecs major states. Toltecs.

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Postclassic Priod Mesoamerica 900-1500 CE

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  1. Postclassic Priod Mesoamerica900-1500 CE WHAP 2013

  2. Postclassic Period • Time of population growth • Intensification of agriculture • Increased warfare and size of armies • Development of political institutions that controlled large territories • Toltecs and Aztecs major states.

  3. Toltecs • Could have been a satellite population of Teotihuacán • Created first conquest state based on military power • Capital city Tula est. 968 CE

  4. Ruled by two kings • 1000 CE power struggle resulted in destruction of Tula. • Topiltzin, king and priest of cult of Quetzalcoat,l exiled to East. • Pledged he would return one day.

  5. Aztecs1325 - 1520

  6. Mexica • Group who would later be known as Aztecs • Northern people pushed south after fall of Tula. • First served as serfs and mercenaries around Lake Texcoco

  7. Altepetl - political organization of the Mexica. • Calpolli - the base of the Altepetl system

  8. Politics • Monarch determined by council of aristocrats • Capital of the Aztec empire Tenochtitlan • Formed empire by ruthless military conquest

  9. Economics • Long distance trade was confined to lightweight goods like gold, feathers, animal skins and cacao. • Barter items included cacao, quills filled with gold and cotton cloth as standard units of value.

  10. Economics • Tribute System - imposed on conquered peoples. • Included food, work slaves, luxury items and sacrificial victims. • 1/4 of food requirement of Aztecs gained this way.

  11. Religion • Two major gods • Most had dual male/female natures • Both had temples in Tenochitlan. • Huitzilopochtli (wheat - zeel - oh - POSHT - lee)- SouthernHummingbird god of war and the sun. • Required a daily diet of human hearts.

  12. Tlaloc -Rain god • Tlaloc • The two gods symbolized bases of Aztec economy: war and agriculture.

  13. Society • Gender complementary social system. • Positions held by men and women helped each other. • Slaves used in agriculture. • Public sacrifices maintained power of monarch by preventing rebellion, deviancy and opposition.

  14. Andean Civilization

  15. Geography • Isolated and mountainous

  16. Economics • Agriculture produced grains and potatoes…

  17. ….and meat.

  18. Economics • Mit’a system was a system of work organization by ayllu. • Labor - was divided according to gender.

  19. Society • Ayllu - family structure system. • Served as base for political system.

  20. Llamas and alpacas - valued for wool, food, transportation.

  21. Politics • Moche civilization - Oligarchy - rule by a few. • Civilization probably destroyed by weather

  22. Pre-Incan Societies • Wari (500-900) and Tiwanaku (400- 1200) - two cities that came before Incan civilization • Inca kings incorporated beliefs and systems of these two major cities.

  23. Incas • Ensured loyalty of defeated regions by forcing heirs of defeated rulers to live in the royal court. • Cuzco - capital city was laid out in the shape of a Puma.

  24. Incas

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