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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Biology 11 Mr. McCallum. HIV. Virus that attacks our immune system Spreads through contact with bodily fluids No cure exists Treatment focused on keeping viral numbers (virion levels) low

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

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  1. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Biology 11 Mr. McCallum

  2. HIV • Virus that attacks our immune system • Spreads through contact with bodily fluids • No cure exists • Treatment focused on keeping viral numbers (virion levels) low • If left untreated will progress to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) due to death of immune cells • Projected to become the third leading cause of death globally by 2020

  3. Prevalence • 2009 data • # of people living with HIV/AIDS

  4. Structure • In addition to 1) the capsid and 2) the core containing genetic material, HIV has an additional covering referred to as an envelope • Spherical in shape • RNA virus • Virion = virus particle • Envelope proteins (glycoproteins) significantly important • Anchors • Development of vaccines

  5. AZT (azidothymidine) • Inhibits the life cycle of HIV • Only active during DNA replication • AZT is a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) • Blocks reverse transcription • Developed as a way to prolong the lives of AIDS patients • Treatment aimed at DNA replication phase to limit the amount of virions in the patient’s system, prolonging their lives

  6. Key Concepts/Review • What two components are viruses made up of? Can this change?

  7. Key Concepts/Review • What characteristics of living things do viruses possess, which characteristics do they not possess?

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