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Learning Theories

Learning Theories. Cognitive & Behavioral By: Jessica Hernandez. Types of learning Theories. Two of the most popular learning theories are the Behavioral and Cognitive learning theories.

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Learning Theories

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  1. Learning Theories Cognitive & Behavioral By: Jessica Hernandez

  2. Types of learning Theories • Two of the most popular learning theories are the Behavioral and Cognitive learning theories. • The Behavior theory states that learning results from experiences in life and can be shaped to get desired responses. • The Cognitive theory focuses on mental processes. It states that learning occurs in the mind instead of behavior.

  3. Ivan Pavlov(1849-1936) • Ivan Pavlov was a Behavioral Theorist. • He was a Russian psychologist who devoted his life to the study of psychology and science. • He won the Noble Prize for physiology in 1904.

  4. Behaviorism:Classical Conditioning • Pavlov is well known for the theory of conditioned reflex (classical conditioning). • This type of learning takes place when a conditioned stimulus signals the occurrence of the unconditioned stimulus. • One example of classical conditioning is Pavlov experiments with the dogs. He got them to associate hearing the ringing of a bell with eating. The dogs would salivate every time they heard a bell.

  5. How Behaviorism impacts training and teaching • Classical conditioning can be used in the classroom setting. • It can be used to help relieve some of the phobias or anxieties students have that are associated with test taking or public speaking. • The teacher can create a positive environment to help the students overcome their fears and anxieties over time.

  6. Jerome Bruner(1915- ) • Jerome Bruner was a Cognitive Theorist. • Bruner was born in New York in 1915. • In 1941 he received his doctorate in psychology from Harvard University. • Throughout his career he has received many awards for his work in psychology.

  7. Cognitive Learning:Constructivism • Cognativism is based on learning that takes place in the mind instead of behaviors. • Constructivism is one branch of the cognitive learning theory. • It is based on the idea that knowledge is created. People interact with the information constructing their own individual meanings from it to form knowledge.

  8. How Cognitive Learning affects the classroom • Constructivism can be used in the classroom setting to help the students learn more effectively. • Constructivist believe that learning is more effective when the student is actively engaged. • The instructor provided a variety of assignments that have the students actively involved and are student-centered. • Some activities could be experimentation, projects, class discussions.

  9. Summary • Behavioral Learning theory is based on learning that takes place from experiences in life. • It can be used in teaching by reinforcing positive or negative behaviors. • Cognitive Learning is based on the fact that learning takes place in the mind. • Cognitive learning can be used in the classroom by keeping students engaged with discussions and projects.

  10. Refrences Brown, A., & Green, T. (2011). The essentials of instructional design. (2nd ed., Vol. ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education. Reynolds, J. (n.d.). Cognitive development theories can be tools in our classrooms. University Studies, 1(1), 1-2. Retrieved from http://faculty.tamu-commerce.edu/jreynolds/cogdevelop.pdf Chen, I. (n.d.). Behavioral theories. Retrieved from http://viking.coe.uh.edu/~ichen/ebook/et-it/behavior.htm

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