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Immigrants and Precarious Employment, Public Outreach Project. Overview of Data Meeting with Partners Sept. 26, 2008. Outline/Agenda. Concept maps Measuring precarious work IPW over time Unpacking IPW over time Relationship between selected variables and IPW (for current job).
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Immigrants and Precarious Employment,Public Outreach Project Overview of Data Meeting with Partners Sept. 26, 2008
Outline/Agenda • Concept maps • Measuring precarious work • IPW over time • Unpacking IPW over time • Relationship between selected variables and IPW (for current job)
Concept Map: Differential Social Inclusion Government Policy Racialization and racism Ethnic-racial identity Immigration Status Human Capital Socioeconomic Status Pre-migration & Canada Social Inclusion Employment: Precarious? Social Networks Income Civic Engagement volunteering Gender Social Citizenship use of services Language/ Accent Neighbourhood Time in Canada Transnational Commitments Family Household
Concept Map: Immigrants Precarious Work Pre-migration (T1) Early Settlement (T2) 1 Stable Job (T3) Current (T4) Pre-Migration Work Class, education, social capital, language Current Work Personal Networks Early Work Institutionally Mediated Networks Strategies Resources & Obligations Education; Civic Engagement; Volunteering Household composition, TN obligations Networks
Precarious Work • Multi-dimensional • Primary indicators - work based, terms of employment • Secondary indicators, health
Dimensions of Precarious Employment • Primary Indicators from literature • Terms of employment (contract/subcontracting, not permanent, PT, tied to one employer, temp. agency) • Self employment (“consultant,” small family business) • Stability, predictability (know schedule?) • Location of work (stable, shifting) • Form of payment (cash, check) • Basis for pay (salary, hourly, piece work) • Unionization • Benefits/coverage • Secondary indicators • Dangerous, health impacts? • Opportunities for advancement?
Our Index of Precarious Work (IPW) • 4 points in time: • Pre-migration • First year - early settlement • First stable job • Possible that FSJ = Job1 • Current job (job 1, job 2, job 3)
First Stable Job and Current JobIPW - 7 Variables • Contract type (all except long term renewable & union) • Work arrangement (not self-employed [small N] or ft/pt for employer) • How found job (temp agency) • Place of work (R’s home/employer's home) • Basis for pay (for job/contract or piece work) • Form of payment (cash) • Schedule (changes by day/wk/mth)
Early Work ExperienceIPW - 7 Variables • Paid in cash (all or some of the time) • Temporary, short term contract (yes) • Temp agency (yes) • Day labour (yes) • Piece work (yes) • Full time worker fixed hours (NO) • Plan schedule week in advance (sometimes or never)
Pre MigrationIPW - 5 Variables • Union (no) • Self-employed (yes) • Opportunities for advancement (no) • Could not support myself/family (agree/strongly agree) • Could not find a job in my field (agree/strongly agree)
Unpacking the IPW over time • Do the components of the IPW vary over time?
Immigrants & Precarious Work • Precarious in early work experience • Improves in FSJ, mixed outcomes for current job • Origin differences sharper than by gender • High precariousness for Caribbean men in early work • Question: how important are terms of employment for precarious lives?
PW: strategies = resources and obligations + networks • Resources and Obligations: • Education, entrance status, language • Household composition, TN family, remittances • Personal & Institutional Networks: • Personal networks on arrival, over time • Institutional contact, advice, social service agencies • Strategies: mobilization of resources & networks • Education, credential recognition, volunteering and similar efforts in Canada
Strategies - • In what follows we present exploratory analysis regarding strategies. Note that work following the outline in slide 32 is underway.
Next steps… • Continue analysis • Compare to census data (Ornstein report, Gender and Work Database) • Explore links with TIEDE project
Next steps - today • Community working group • Breakout groups to define audiences, media, content, process • Policy working group • Define priority issues, policies, campaigns and timeline