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AP English Vocabulary

AP English Vocabulary. Kari Truong & John Fitzgerald. Logical Fallacies. Definition: Errors in reasoning and often occur in arguments. - Napoleon was too short to be a distinguished general.

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AP English Vocabulary

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  1. AP English Vocabulary Kari Truong & John Fitzgerald

  2. Logical Fallacies • Definition: Errors in reasoning and often occur in arguments. - Napoleon was too short to be a distinguished general. • Either or reasoning: restricting the complex aspects of a difficult problem to only one of two solutions. - Marry me or you’ll end up single forever. • Over simplification: providing simplistic answers to complex problems. - Ban handguns and stop organized crime.

  3. Logos • Definition: The use of or appeal to reason to determine a character’s actions or persuade to an argument, rather than ethics or emotions. • Examples: - The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. - y = mx + b - John’s birthday is January 11th, 1994.

  4. Metaphor • Definition: The implicit comparison or identification of one thing with another without using a verbal signal such as “like” or “as”. • Examples: - “The rain came down in long knitting needles” – Enid Bagnold, National Velvet - “A man make break a word with you, sir, and words are but wind – Shakespeare, The Comedy of Errors - “Time is a dressmaker, specializing in alterations” – Faith Baldwin, Face Toward the Spring 1956

  5. Nostalgia • Definition: Desire to return in thought or fact to a former time. • Examples: - “To dwell even fitfully on the past, for James, was to risk crippling nostalgia; the past was the shadow side of will and therefore must be rejected.” —Jackson Lears - A wave of nostalgia swept over me when I saw my childhood home. - Kenyonf, your nostalgia is for a time that never existed. — They All Lost

  6. Oxymoron • Definition: A figure of speech that combines two apparently contradictory elements. • Examples: I. Music (Kid Cudi – Soundtrack 2 My Life) - “Most of the clean faces be the most dirty.” II. He’s awfully nice for giving her flowers. III. John is a perfect screw up.

  7. Paradox • Definition: A statement that seems contradictory, but is actually true. • Examples: - “If you love someone, then you’ll let them go.” - "I can resist anything but temptation.“ – Oscar Wilde - “I must be cruel to be kind.” – Shakespeare in Hamlet

  8. END.

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