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Respiratory System

Respiratory System. By d jones. Nose. Air enters Hairs trap large particles. Nasal cavity. Your air conditioner Cleans Warms Humidifies Mucous membranes Add moisture Trap particles. Capillaries warm Cilia move particles and mucous toward pharynx

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Respiratory System

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  1. Respiratory System By d jones

  2. Nose • Air enters • Hairs trap large particles

  3. Nasal cavity • Your air conditioner • Cleans • Warms • Humidifies • Mucous membranes • Add moisture • Trap particles

  4. Capillaries • warm • Cilia move particles and mucous toward pharynx • Sneezing helps clear nasal passage of irritants

  5. Pharynx • Crosses paths with digestive system

  6. Larynx • Protected during swallowing by epiglottis • Cartilage holds open • Known as the voice box

  7. Muscles called vocal cords vibrate causing sound • Tightening stretches and thins producing high sounds • Relaxing shortens and thickens producing low sounds • Keep food out if it passes into respiratory tract

  8. Trachea (windpipe) • horse-shoe shaped cartilage rings • keep tube from colapsing • mucous traps particles in air • cilia beat pushing mucous and foreign material upward • swallowed when it reaches top of esophagus • smoking one cigarette can paralyze the cilia for twenty minutes

  9. coughing helps clear airways of foreign material

  10. Bronchii ( bronchus – singular) • Left and right • Send air to right and left lungs • Have cartilage rings • Take air to lungs

  11. Lungs • Right & left • Right has three lobes • Left has two lobes • Made of tiny air sacs called alveoli

  12. Bronchioles • Divisions of the bronchus • Each division becomes smaller in diameter • Carry air to alveoli

  13. Alveoli (alveolus – singular) • Working unit of the respiratory system • Air exchange takes place • Surrounded by capillaries

  14. Respiration • Oxygen dissolves in water of moist membrane • Diffuses from alveoli to capillary • Carbon dioxide dissolves in water of moist membrane • Diffuses from capillary to alveoli • Blood carries gasses to cells where diffusion takes place again across the membranes

  15. Diseases of the Respiratory System • Asthma • Tightening of muscle in bronchioles • Swelling also occurs • Air does not leave alveoli • Bronchitis • Bronchiole walls become inflamed • Narrowing causes inability to move air • Usually caused by infection • Sometimes caused by pollution

  16. Pneumonia • Inflammation of lung • Caused by bacteria or virus • Fluid builds up in alveoli • Lowers rate of gas exchange • Emphysema • Alveoli wall breakdown • Loss of surface area • Lessens gas exchange • Caused by irritants • Tobacco smoke • Coal dust • Asbestos fibers

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