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Earth Materials Investigation 2

Earth Materials Investigation 2. Scratch Test Part 1 – Observing Minerals. Science Safety. Scientists follow safety procedures to protect themselves when performing observations and experiments They wear goggles to protect their eyes

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Earth Materials Investigation 2

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  1. Earth Materials Investigation 2 Scratch Test Part 1 – Observing Minerals

  2. Science Safety • Scientists follow safety procedures to protect themselves when performing observations and experiments • They wear goggles to protect their eyes • They used the tools carefully so that they do not harm themselves or others • They do not put any scientific materials in their mouths • Spills are cleaned up quickly using the correct procedure

  3. Science Jobs • Manager – this person will make sure that all members are on task • Reporter – this person will report the results of their groups work, you may need to take notes • Materials getter – this person will get materials • Materials collector – this person will return materials

  4. Content Review • Rocks are made of different ingredients called minerals. • Minerals are pure materials that can’t be separated into different kinds of ingredients.

  5. Vocabulary Review • After this review you will complete a matching sheet for vocabulary. • weight – how heavy something is • crystal – the solid form of a material that can be identified by its special shape or pattern • property – something you can observe, such as color, shape, texture, living/non-living

  6. Vocabulary Review • dissolve – to disappear in a liquid. When salt mixes with water, it goes into solution and cannot be seen until the water dries up. • earth material – a substance that comes from the earth • depth – how thick an object is from top to bottom • geologist – a person who studies the earth and the materials of which it is made.

  7. Vocabulary Review • diameter – the distance across a round object • mineral – a basic earth material; a rock ingredient that cannot be broken down • evaporate – to dry up • rock – an earth material composed of different ingredients • circumference – the distance around an object

  8. Vocabulary Quiz • Write the letter of the vocabulary word in the blank of the definition.

  9. What We Will Learn • Some rocks can be identified by using a scratch test.

  10. What We Will Do • Make and record observations of four different minerals. • Use the properties of color, texture and shape to record our observations. • Write detailed observations so that if the minerals were mixed up we would still be able to identify which number they were.

  11. Materials • Material Getters will get the trays with • 4 sticky notes • A FOSS tray • Two hand lenses • You will record your information in your Earth Materials Booklet. • Your work in your Earth Materials Booklet will be graded, so do your best work.

  12. Procedure • Managers will number the sticky notes 1 through 4 and put one in each of the four compartments on the tray. • The Manager will pick up a sample of mineral one. • The Reporter will pick up a sample of mineral two. • The Materials Getter will pick up a sample of mineral three. • The Materials Collector will pick up a sample of mineral four.

  13. Earth Materials Booklet Scratch Test – Page 8 • Observe the minerals carefully. • Draw or trace each mineral in your booklet. • Use the hand lens to magnify the minerals. • Write down your observations. • The challenge is to describe the minerals so well that you could reassign them to their numbers if they were mixed up.

  14. Share Observations • Which of the properties (or combination of properties) is most useful in helping you identify a certain mineral? • Is one property enough information to identify a mineral? • Usually you need more than one property to describe a mineral so there is no question which one you mean.

  15. Share Observations • What if I gave you the clue “It’s a small mineral.” Would that be enough information to identify any sample of that mineral? • A sample of a mineral can be any size; size is not determined by the type of mineral it is. • Do you think you could identify each mineral on another group’s tray if you didn’t have the numbers to help?

  16. Return Materials • Put a sticky with your group’s names on it on your FOSS tray. • Return the tray to the materials center.

  17. Content/Inquiry • What is a mineral? • A basic earth material that cannot be broken down into smaller pieces. • What is the difference between a rock and a mineral? • Minerals are the ingredients that make up rocks.

  18. Content/Inquiry • If someone sent you a letter and said they needed your help to identify a mineral that they had found, and they told you it was about the size of their fist, would you be able to identify it? • Size cannot be used as an identifying property; minerals (like rocks) come in all sizes. It is usuallly necessary to know several properties of a mineral to identify it.

  19. Student Sheet – Mineral Properties • We will go over Student Sheet No. 14 and then you will complete it for a grade.

  20. Science Stories • Read Science Stories “Treasure Underfoot” and “X Marks the Spot” after completing this part.

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