Fiction and Nonfiction

1. Fiction and Nonfiction

2. Fiction A made up story Can tell about things that could happen Is read for fun Characters may be like real people or imaginary Non-Fiction Has facts that can be checked and proven The author is an expert on this information. All categories of books or stories can be called either fiction or non-fiction.

3. Fiction or Nonfiction? Fiction • Story is created from the author’s imagination • Stories are pretend • Animals or objects can talk, wear clothes, have jobs • People in the story can do things people cannot really do • Story might have funny pictures

4. Forms of Fiction There are three main forms of fiction. • Novel: long work of fiction; contains the basic elements of fiction; may contain subplots along with the main plot Subplots: independent related stories • Novella: shorter than a novel but longer than a short story • Short Story: brief work of fiction; contains basic elements of fiction; one main plot; one conflict; most can be read in one sitting

5. Genres of Fiction Mystery (Nancy Drew) Horror (Goosebumps) Fantasy (Harry Potter) Science-fiction (Star Wars) Myths, Fairytales, Legends (Cinderella) Historical Fiction (Letters from Rifka)

6. Nonfiction Fiction or Nonfiction? • Story is true and factual • Stories are about real people • Book gives information • Might have maps or real pictures • Pictures have captions describing the photograph • An index in the back helps find information • Might have a glossary which defines some words

7. What is Non-Fiction? Text that is TRUE and based on REAL information Forms of Non-Fiction Text: Newspapers Dictionaries Encyclopedias Scholastic News Textbooks Magazines Non-Fiction Books

8. Forms of Nonfiction Two broad categories of nonfiction are literary nonfiction and functional texts. • Literary Nonfiction: has elements of fiction; For example it might use vivid descriptions, a dramatic writing style, or poetic language. • Functional Texts: give instructions, show directions, explain rules, provide other information that helps you complete procedures; often use illustrations or graphics

9. Literary Nonfiction • Autobiographies and memoirs: tell the story of the author’s life • Biographies: tell the story of someone’s life from the perspective of another writer • Letters: written communications from person to person

10. Functional Texts • Recipes: tell how to prepare food • Directions: tell how to operate or assemble equipment • Schedules: tell when events take place • Menus: tell which foods are available and their cost • Brochures: use pictures and text to advertise places or events • Maps: are diagrams that show areas of land • Applications: are written requests to an authority

11. Fiction or Nonfiction? •  how to cook spaghetti •  the life of the president of the United States •  a person who can jump over a house •  flowers that sing •  an elephant that wears a ballerina tutu •  wild animals that live in Africa •  the surface of the moon •  which foods are healthy to eat •  how to draw a bird •  a snowman that comes to life

12. Elements • Setting • Character • Point of View • Plot • Theme • Narrator

13. Setting: the time, place and period in which the action takes place. Can be a real place or imaginary The Bean Trees: Arizona/Oklahoma 1980s. Lord of the Flies: deserted island, the future. TheCatcher in the Rye:New York, 1940s

14. Details that describe: Furniture Scenery Customs Transportation Clothing Dialects Weather Time of day Time of year Setting

15. Describe the setting.

16. Describe the setting.

17. Characters The people, animals, or things in the story.

18. Every story needs characters Animals People Or Creatures

19. Theprotagonistis the “good guy”

20. Write down 4 Protagonist.

21. Theantagonistis the “bad guy” or force

22. Write down 4 Antagonist.

23. Factors in Analyzing Characters • Physical appearance of character • Personality • Background/personal history • Motivation • Relationships • Conflict • Does character change?

24. Thepoint of viewis the perspective of the story First person point of view: The story is told by a character who participates in the action of the story Third Person point of view: The story is told by a narrator outsie the story

25. Plot Theseries of events and actions that takes place in a story.

26. Theme • The theme of a piece of fiction is its message about life. It usually contains some insight into the human condition. • In most short stories, the theme can be expressed in a single sentence. • In longer works of fiction, the central theme is often accompanied by a number of lesser, related themes, or there may be two or more central themes.

27. Example of Theme “Every man needs to feel allegiance to his native country, whether he always appreciates that country or not.” From “A Man Without a Country” by Edward Hale

28. Dialogue • Dialogue is a conversation between two or more characters. • “Where’s teacher?” • “She’ll be back.” • “She’d better hurry, we’ll miss it!” • From “All Summer in a Day” by Ray Bradbury

29. Get out a sheet of paper. At the top of the paper, label your paper “My Short Story”

30. Setting • Select a number 1-5 • Haunted House • South Middle School • Walmart • Your house • Mrs. Hand’s classroom Write three sentences describing your setting. Please be specific.

31. Character • Select a number 1-5 • You • Scooby Doo • Edward Cullen • Lady Gaga • Minnie Mouse Write three sentences describing your character. (Character traits)

32. Point of View • Select a number between 1-3. • From your view point • From your character’s view point • From a different character’s view point (who?)

33. Story Time • You will take the sentences you just wrote and put the information together to create a story. (Minimum 2 paragraphs) • Make sure to tell the story from the perspective of the name you selected for point of view.