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Excretory System

Excretory System. Ewww! Giggle, giggle. Digestive System Respiratory System Skin Urinary System. H 2 O, undigested food H 2 O, CO 2 H 2 O, salts H 2 O, salts, poisons Why do we need to drink lots of water?. Excretion. Regulating Fluids. Hypothalamus – in mid-brain

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Excretory System

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  1. Excretory System Ewww! Giggle, giggle

  2. Digestive System Respiratory System Skin Urinary System H2O, undigested food H2O, CO2 H2O, salts H2O, salts, poisons Why do we need to drink lots of water? Excretion

  3. Regulating Fluids • Hypothalamus – in mid-brain • Detects fluid levels in blood • Sends hormone into bloodstream • Kidneys respond by increasing/decreasing urine output.

  4. Kidneys • Main organs of excretory system • Bean-shaped • Red – because of blood supply • Back of abdomen near waist • Filter all blood every 5 minutes

  5. Human Kidney

  6. Filtration – Step 1 • Blood from renal (kidney) artery → • Capillaries (all wadded up) → • Nephron – cup and tube (duct) • Water, sugar, salt, waste → cup • Red cells, proteins left in capillary • Liquid → tubule

  7. Filtration – Step 2 • Most sugar, salt, H2O reabsorbed from tubules to capillaries • → renal vein • →main circulatory system

  8. Urine • Left behind in tubules • Excess water, wastes • Urea • excess amino acids • NH3+ CO2 • Average 1 liter/day

  9. Liver • Broken-down blood cells – bile • Digestive fluid

  10. Diseases • Imbalances • Fluids • Salts • Blockages • Kidney stones • Ultrasound blasts • Infections - Nephritis • Urine tests • for glucose (diabetes) • protein (heart disease)

  11. Dialysis • Kidney failure – excess fluid • Patients can’t urinate • Artificial kidney filters blood • 2-3 times weekly • 2-4 hours at a time

  12. Transplant • Kidney failure • Live or dead donor • Blood matches needed

  13. Preventing Kidney Diseases • Diet • Exercise • Blood Pressure

  14. The Rest of the Story • Tubules • Ureters • Bladder (up to ½ liter) • Urethra • Sphincter muscle

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