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Songhai Empire 1464-1591 (at its height)

Location: West Africa Religion: Islam Famous city: Timbuktu, major trade center for gold and salt. Timbuktu was also a center for learning. Contributions/inventions/innovations:

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Songhai Empire 1464-1591 (at its height)

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  1. Location: West Africa Religion: Islam Famous city: Timbuktu, major trade center for gold and salt. Timbuktu was also a center for learning. Contributions/inventions/innovations: In the city of Timbuktu, the Songhai built an international university. Established gold and salt trade in west Africa. Songhai Empire1464-1591 (at its height) Famous leaders: Sonni Ali and Askia the Great http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/29493-assignment-discovery-history-of-timbuktu-video.htm

  2. Mughal Empire1556-1707 (at its height) Location: India Religion: Islam, but toleration for other religions Famous city: AgraContributions/inventions/innovations: The Taj Mahal Famous leaders: Babur and Akbar Taj Mahal: http://www.smithsonianmag.com/video/Secrets-of-the-Taj-Mahal.html

  3. Ottoman Empire1453-1918 • Location: Turkey and most land surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. • Religion: Islam • Famous city: Istanbul • Contributions/inventions/innovations: Legal code, Islamic art and architecture. Exported coffee, ceramics, and textiles. Famous leaders: Suleiman the Magnificent http://video.answers.com/learn-about-the-ottoman-empire-38364969

  4. Safavid Empire1502-1736 • Location: Iran (ancient Persia) and other parts of central Asia. • Religion: Islam (Shi’a) • Famous city: Istafahan • Contributions/inventions/ innovations: Leaders of the Safavid Empire were known as Shahs. Textiles (Persian carpet) Famous leaders: Abbas I

  5. Ming Dynasty1368-1644 • Location: China • Religion: polytheistic • Famous city: Nanjing and Beijing • Contributions/inventions /innovations: Great Wall was redesigned, the novel, porcelain, and dictionary. Famous leaders: Hong-wu http://www.history.com/videos/did-the-chinese-discover-america#did-the-chinese-discover-america

  6. Maya Empire300 c.e- 900 c.e • Location: Yucatan Peninsula (parts of Mexico and Guatemala) • Religion: polytheistic, sacrifices performed • Famous city: Tikal and Chichen Itza (location of the famous ball court) • Contributions/inventions/innovations: calendar, ball court, writing system based on hieroglyphics The Mayan Empire mysteriously disappeared. Could have been caused by a natural disaster, but historians are still not sure. http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-civilizations/videos#the-mayans

  7. Aztec Empire1325-1519 • Location: Mexico • Religion: polytheistic, sacrifices performed • Famous city: Tenochtitlan, built on an island in the center of Lake Texcoco (Mexico City is located on this spot today) • Contributions/inventions/innovations: floating gardens, calendar The Aztec Empire was invaded by the Spanish conquistador, Hernan Cortez in 1519. http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-civilizations/videos#aztec-sacrifice http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-civilizations/videos#the-aztecs

  8. Inca Empire1400-1535 • Location: Andes Mountains of western South America • Religion: polytheistic, sacrifices performed • Famous city: Cuzco, Machu Picchu • Contributions/inventions/innovations: Quipu (knotted system of keeping records), large road system, surgery, bridges. The Inca Empire was invaded by the Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro. http://www.history.com/videos/natural-mummies-inca-girl#natural-mummies-inca-girl

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