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Vision for the Blind . Stat 19 SEM 2. 263057202. Talk 1.

Vision for the Blind . Stat 19 SEM 2. 263057202. Talk 1. Alan Yuille. yuille@stat.ucla.edu UCLA. Dept. Statistics and Psychology. www.stat.ucla/~yuille. Goal of the Course. How can technology and neuroscience help the blind and disabled? (A) Artificial Intelligence systems.

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Vision for the Blind . Stat 19 SEM 2. 263057202. Talk 1.

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  1. Vision for the Blind.Stat 19 SEM 2. 263057202. Talk 1. Alan Yuille. yuille@stat.ucla.edu UCLA. Dept. Statistics and Psychology. www.stat.ucla/~yuille

  2. Goal of the Course. • How can technology and neuroscience help the blind and disabled? • (A) Artificial Intelligence systems. • (B) Brain Implants. Neural Prostheses. • Introduce and review the state of the art. • Today, an overview.

  3. Course Mechanisms. • Maximum work load is 3 hours per week. • Grading: Pass/Fail. • Requirement. Don’t miss more than 2 lectures. • Reading assignments. Short reports.

  4. My Research Interests are: • Designing computer vision systems (artificial intelligence). • Understanding how biological vision systems work. • I also work with a company that builds prototype systems for the blind. • Collaborate with the Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute (San Francisco).

  5. What is Vision? • Aristotle “to know what is where by looking”. • Vision is information processing. • Light rays that reach your eyes carry information about the external world. • Vision decodes the light rays and reconstructs the world. • Vision is a very complex task. Harder than Mathematics? More on vision next lecture.

  6. What would you miss most if you went blind? • Probably the ability to detect and read text. • Navigation is possible using a cane and/or guide dog. Recognize people by their voices. Hear oncoming traffic. Experiment: Spend an hour with your eyes closed.

  7. What can blind people see if they recover their sight? • Mike May is one of the very few people who attained his sight after being blind. • (Successful businessman & skier). • But how well can he use vision to get information about the world? • Infant’s vision systems develop in stages. Some abilities develop at 1 month, others at 3 months, etc.

  8. Mike May • Mike May can see light, but required extensive training before he could distinguish a cube from a sphere. • He cannot recognize faces (even his wife and children). • It took two years before his vision helped his skiing. • Handout. Interview with Mike May. • Mike Mays’ Journal: www.sendergroup.com/mike.htm • Radio Interview. http://psy.ucsd.edu/~fine

  9. How Big is the Problem? • Legally Blind population of the US is 600-900,000. (20/200 best correctly acuity). • At least, 3,000,000 people have low vision. • These numbers are predicted to double in the next ten years! • Eyesight gets worse with age – and people live longer.

  10. Artificial Intelligence Solutions. • Navigation: Global Positioning Satelites (GPS). (Loomis. UCSB).

  11. Computer Vision • Digital Camera + Portable Computer + Speech Synthesizer.

  12. Brain Implants. • Artificial Retina: • Connected to (i) the retina, (ii) the optic nerve, or (iii) the cortex. • Dr. Dobelle. • Portugal.

  13. Vision to Tactile. • Dr. Bach y Rita. (Ex: Smith-Kettlewell). • 1970. Project an image onto the back of a blind person. Claim: could recognize faces. • Few tactile receptors on back. Better to use fingertips, lips, or tongue. • Erik Weihenmayer. Climber. Mt. Everest.

  14. Neural Prostheses: • Control by Thought. • Movement Planning Neurons. • Clint Eastwood film. Firefox.

  15. Summary. • The course will describe these artificial intelligence and biological techniques. • Can describe other topics: e.g. Cochlear implants. • Mike Mays’s handout. Web journal: • www.sendergroup.com/mike.htm • Radio Interview: http://psy.ucsd.edu/~fine • Contact information: yuille@stat.ucla.edu

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