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Parthenon: Building & Roof Construction

Parthenon: Building & Roof Construction. DFN 2111: Marietta Monaghan Jay Garrell Susan Kang Aaron Hoopes David Dreher. Background Information. Built between 447BC – 432BC Built on top of the previous temple that was destroyed as a replacement Built for the goddess Athena

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Parthenon: Building & Roof Construction

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  1. Parthenon:Building & Roof Construction DFN 2111: Marietta Monaghan Jay Garrell Susan Kang Aaron Hoopes David Dreher

  2. Background Information • Built between 447BC – 432BC • Built on top of the previous temple that was destroyed as a replacement • Built for the goddess Athena • Believed to have been directed by statesman, Pericles • Architects: Ictinos, Callicrates, and Phidias

  3. Architects: • Designer: Ictinus • Designer/Builder: Callicrates • Sculptor/Decorative: Phidias

  4. Details • Doric • Fluted columns with no base • Triglyph & metope entablatures • Masculine styles • Materials • Everything except for wooden roof beams & interior ceilings are marble • 100,000 tons of marble quarried 11 miles northeast of central Athens • Dimensions • Measured by the top step of the base, the building is 101.34 feet (30.89 meters) wide and 228.14 feet (69.54 meters) long. • Periteral: columns all around the perimeter (wings) • Octastyle • 8 columns on East & West; 17 columns on North & South • Interior spaces • Ionic Columns • Pronaos • Double Cella • Smaller west cella with 4 columns • Larger east cella with 9 columns along the sides and 5 columns along the back • Housed the large Athena statue • Opisthodomos

  5. Optical Illusions • None of the horizontal lines are absolutely straight • Four sides of the foundation have a slight upward curve in the center • Columns slightly swell outwards as if straining under heavy weight • Every column leans in ever so slightly • If corner columns were to continue, they would meet 1 ½ miles above the Earth • Surfaces sanded to hide imperfections

  6. Roof • Marble tiles • Uniquely thin tiles (3cm thick) appear almost translucent • Laconian style roof with concave tegula (pan) tiles and convex imbricle (cover) tiles • Wood Beams • Antefixes • Placed between alternate rows of roof tiles to hide appearance of clutter along the roof

  7. Construction • Use of pulleys and wooden cranes • Used to haul and lift marble blocks • Naval technology; Athenians were the greatest naval power in the Aegean • Oxen were used to bring marble slabs to site • Hauled up the side of the Acropolis by rolling on top of logs

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